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GLPH 271 > Module 05 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention > Flashcards

Module 05 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 stages of disease prevention?

A

Stage 1: Primordial Prevention
Stage 2: Primary Prevention
Stage 3: Secondary Prevention
Stage 4: Tertiary Prevention

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2
Q

What is Primordial Prevention?

A

targets the underlying health determinants by modifying social policies to improve the health of a population

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3
Q

What is Primary Prevention?

A
  • targets susceptible individuals and attempts to prevent disease development
  • targets exposures and risk factors for specific diseases as well as ways to increase immunity
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4
Q

What is Secondary Prevention?

A
  • early detection and treatment of disease
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5
Q

What is Tertiary Prevention?

A
  • when a disease has developed and is in its clinical phase, tertiary prevention strategies help to reduce the impact of the disease on the patient’s function, survival, and quality of life
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6
Q

What are some example of environmental factors?

A
  • occupation
  • housing/living conditions
  • school or work environment
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7
Q

What are some examples of social factors?

A
  • education
  • family
  • SES
  • war/conflict
  • culture
  • race/racism
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8
Q

What are some examples of other factors (not environmental/social) ?

A
  • internal/external factors that affect health
  • healthy/unhealthy behaviours
  • availability of quality health services
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9
Q

What are the four barriers of the SEM?

A
  1. Intrapersonal
  2. Interpersonal
  3. Community/Institution
  4. Public Policy
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10
Q

What is perceived susceptibility?

A
  • a person’s subjective perception of their risk of acquiring a disease or illness
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11
Q

What is perceived seriousness?

A
  • a person’s subjective persception of a disease or illness, including the medical and social consequences
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12
Q

What is perceived benefits?

A
  • a person’s erception of the effectiveness of a behaviour in reducing the risk of disease
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13
Q

What is perceived barriers?

A
  • a person’s perception of the obstacle to adopting a healthy behaviour, which are weighted against the benefits
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14
Q

What is self-efficacy?

A

the level of a person’s confidence in their ability to successfully carry out a health behaviour change

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15
Q

What are cues to action?

A

the spcific triggers, both external and internal, needed to prompt the decision-making process to engage in a specific health behaviour change

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16
Q

What are the 6 stages of change in the TTM?

A
  1. precontemplation
  2. contemplation
  3. preparation
  4. action
  5. maintenance
  6. relapse
17
Q

What is precontemplation in the TTM?

A
  • Individuals in this stage are unaware of the need to change
  • Often uninformed about the consequences of their behaviour
18
Q

What is contemplation in the TTM?

A
  • ‘Getting ready’ stage
  • Individuals in this stage are often ambivalent or ‘behavioural procrastinators’
19
Q

What is preparation in the TTM?

A
  • Individuals in the preparation stage have motivation and a plan of action
  • Some steps have been taken to change their behaviour
20
Q

What is action in the TTM?

A

Individuals are actively trying to modify their lifestyle and want to succeed

21
Q

What is maintenance in the TTM?

A

Individuals have sustained their behaviour change for at least six months and work towards preventing relapses to previous stages

22
Q

What is relapse in the TTM?

A
  • Individuals in this stage have abandoned the ides of changing due to difficulty in maintaining their new behaviour
  • Health care workers may encourage the individual to try again and re-enter the contemplation stage
23
Q

What are the three levels of health promotion?

A
  1. Individual
  2. Peer or Group
  3. Population Based
24
Q

What is indivual health promotion?

A

happens through one-on-one interactions

25
Q

What is peer or group health promotion?

A

includes small groups, institutions, or entire communities, and can occur in many spaces, such as classrooms, theatre groups, or field trips

26
Q

What is population based health promotion?

A
  • legislation, regulation, and policy
  • social marketing
27
Q

What are the 3 factors involved in Indigenous health promotion?

A
  1. Protective factors
  2. Prevention
  3. Spirituality
28
Q

What are some examples of protective factors?

A
  • self-government
  • land control
  • control over cultural activities
29
Q

What are some examples of prevention?

A
  • community based approaches
  • gatekeeper training
  • peer support groups
30
Q

What are some examples of spirituality?

A
  • using Indigenous concepts of well-being and spiritual practices: pow-wows, sweetgrass ceremonies, and sweat lodges
31
Q

What are the four smoking cessation interventions?

A
  1. Cold Turkey
  2. Weaning
  3. Therapy & Support Groups
  4. Medical Treament
32
Q

What are the 6 types of public health interventions?

A
  1. epidemiology and surveillance
  2. outreach
  3. social marketing
  4. screening
  5. health teaching
  6. policy development
33
Q

What are the 4 steps of developing an intervention?

A
  1. Identify and assess the level of the problem
  2. Develop a solution to the problem
  3. Describe the action plan for the intervention
  4. Assess the potential impact

GLPH 271 (4 decks)

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