Module 05: Ethics Eastern Moral Philosophy Flashcards
According to Hinduism, this pertains to customs and laws of society.
Dharma
Dharma correlates with what?
Duty
According to Hinduism, the observance of the dharma leads to a what?
Righteous life
According to Hinduism, good deeds lead to good consequences while bad deeds lead to bad consequences
Karma
He is known as the founder of the Confucian School and of Confucianism.
Confucius
What is the book of Confucius called?
Analects
What is the Golden Rule?
“Do not impose on others what you do not wish for yourself”
In light of Confucianism, a person should do good because of what?
For their own sake
In light of Confucianism, how should we love?
(1) We should love everyone, but with distinctions
(2) Gradation, degrees, in love
(3) We must love more those closer to us, like parents, .
He is known as the founder of the Mohist School or Mohism.
Mo Tzu or Mo Ti
This philosophy is known as the rivalry of Confucianism.
Mohism
In light of Mohism, why should we do good?
Do good for the benefits it brings
In light of Mohism, how should a person love?
(1) Universal love.
(2) We should love all equally, no distinctions, discrimination
(3) Other people, countries, are to be treated as our own
What happens if people love one another?
If people love one another, there would be no crimes; if countries love one another, there would be no wars.
What is known as the source of conflict and disorder?
Loving with Distinctions
He is known as a Confucian.
Mencius
According to Mencius, humans in nature are what?
They are good, benevolent.
According to Mencius, why are humans in nature, good and benevolent?
Man is born with 4 Seeds of Goodness: (not taught, not learned)
(1) Feeling of Commiseration or pity
(2) Feeling of shame or dislike
(3) Feeling of deference or respect
(4) Feeling of right and wrong
This seed of goodness leads to the Confucian virtue of humanity.
Feeling of Commiseration or pity
This seed of goodness leads to the Confucian virtue of righteousness.
Feeling of shame or dislike
This seed of goodness leads to the Confucian virtue of propriety.
Feeling of deference or respect
This seed of goodness leads to the Confucian virtue of wisdom.
Feeling of right and wrong.
What happens when the four seeds of goodness are cultivated or developed?
(1) The 4 Seeds, if cultivated or developed, lead to the 4 Confucian virtues
(2) Vice–failure to cultivate the 4 Seeds of Goodness
He is a Confucian who believed that all humans are by nature evil.
Hsun Tzu
Hsun Tzu believed that?
Humans are born selfish and full of desires. They really have no seeds of goodness.
According to Hsun Tzu, this is the result of education and the
coercive power of the law
Goodness or Virtue
Education does what?
Makes people civilized
Laws do what?
Controls man’s evil tendencies
He is the founder of Buddhism.
Gautama the Buddha
According to Buddhism, suffering is due to what?
Suffering is due to desires
According to Buddhism, the mind should be free from what?
The mind should be free from impurities–cruelty, lust, ill-will, bad wishes, envy, revenge
What should people avoid according to Buddhism?
(1) Be careful with words–avoid lies, harsh words (sarcasm), speaking behind others, foul words, gossip, idle talk, smear campaigns
(2) Avoid crimes, vices, sexual misconduct,
(3) Engage in a decent work or profession, not illegal and does not harm others; avoid immoral means to earn money like prostitution, fraud, soothsaying, demanding high interest on loans
(4) Avoid temptations
(5) Be in control of emotions, anger
