Module 05: Ethics Eastern Moral Philosophy Flashcards

1
Q

According to Hinduism, this pertains to customs and laws of society.

A

Dharma

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2
Q

Dharma correlates with what?

A

Duty

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3
Q

According to Hinduism, the observance of the dharma leads to a what?

A

Righteous life

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4
Q

According to Hinduism, good deeds lead to good consequences while bad deeds lead to bad consequences

A

Karma

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5
Q

He is known as the founder of the Confucian School and of Confucianism.

A

Confucius

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6
Q

What is the book of Confucius called?

A

Analects

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7
Q

What is the Golden Rule?

A

“Do not impose on others what you do not wish for yourself”

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8
Q

In light of Confucianism, a person should do good because of what?

A

For their own sake

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9
Q

In light of Confucianism, how should we love?

A

(1) We should love everyone, but with distinctions
(2) Gradation, degrees, in love
(3) We must love more those closer to us, like parents, .

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10
Q

He is known as the founder of the Mohist School or Mohism.

A

Mo Tzu or Mo Ti

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11
Q

This philosophy is known as the rivalry of Confucianism.

A

Mohism

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12
Q

In light of Mohism, why should we do good?

A

Do good for the benefits it brings

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13
Q

In light of Mohism, how should a person love?

A

(1) Universal love.
(2) We should love all equally, no distinctions, discrimination
(3) Other people, countries, are to be treated as our own

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14
Q

What happens if people love one another?

A

If people love one another, there would be no crimes; if countries love one another, there would be no wars.

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15
Q

What is known as the source of conflict and disorder?

A

Loving with Distinctions

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16
Q

He is known as a Confucian.

17
Q

According to Mencius, humans in nature are what?

A

They are good, benevolent.

18
Q

According to Mencius, why are humans in nature, good and benevolent?

A

Man is born with 4 Seeds of Goodness: (not taught, not learned)

(1) Feeling of Commiseration or pity
(2) Feeling of shame or dislike
(3) Feeling of deference or respect
(4) Feeling of right and wrong

19
Q

This seed of goodness leads to the Confucian virtue of humanity.

A

Feeling of Commiseration or pity

20
Q

This seed of goodness leads to the Confucian virtue of righteousness.

A

Feeling of shame or dislike

21
Q

This seed of goodness leads to the Confucian virtue of propriety.

A

Feeling of deference or respect

22
Q

This seed of goodness leads to the Confucian virtue of wisdom.

A

Feeling of right and wrong.

23
Q

What happens when the four seeds of goodness are cultivated or developed?

A

(1) The 4 Seeds, if cultivated or developed, lead to the 4 Confucian virtues
(2) Vice–failure to cultivate the 4 Seeds of Goodness

24
Q

He is a Confucian who believed that all humans are by nature evil.

25
Hsun Tzu believed that?
Humans are born selfish and full of desires. They really have no seeds of goodness.
26
According to Hsun Tzu, this is the result of education and the coercive power of the law
Goodness or Virtue
27
Education does what?
Makes people civilized
28
Laws do what?
Controls man's evil tendencies
29
He is the founder of Buddhism.
Gautama the Buddha
30
According to Buddhism, suffering is due to what?
Suffering is due to desires
31
According to Buddhism, the mind should be free from what?
The mind should be free from impurities--cruelty, lust, ill-will, bad wishes, envy, revenge
32
What should people avoid according to Buddhism?
(1) Be careful with words--avoid lies, harsh words (sarcasm), speaking behind others, foul words, gossip, idle talk, smear campaigns (2) Avoid crimes, vices, sexual misconduct, (3) Engage in a decent work or profession, not illegal and does not harm others; avoid immoral means to earn money like prostitution, fraud, soothsaying, demanding high interest on loans (4) Avoid temptations (5) Be in control of emotions, anger