Module 01: Intro to Community Psychology Flashcards
clinical-community
A type of doctoral program that provides students both clinical training, such as psychopathology, therapy, and assessment, as well as Community Psychology skills, such as consultation, evaluation, and community intervention.
first-order change
Involves minor changes that lead to small, short term improvements by focusing exclusively on the individuals.
wellness
A term that refers to physical and psychological health, as well as attainment of personal goals and well-being.
critical psychology
This perspective seeks a psychological understanding within historical, social, cultural, and
political contexts.
community psychology
A field that goes beyond an individual focus and integrates social, cultural, economic, political, environmental, and international influences to promote positive change, health, and
empowerment at individual and systemic levels (SCRA27.org).
second-order change
Involves initiating more structural, long term, and sustainable transformational changes.
healthcare
Organization that provides health care or related services (e.g., health focused research).
evaluation
The use of different research methods to understand person-environment interactions and also determine whether community interventions have been successful.
contextual factors
The individual, psychological, familial, community, and societal factors that influence people.
heroism
When a person who engages with underprivileged, disadvantaged populations and delivers critical solutions or consultations.
non-profit organization
Local or national organizations that focus on a specific cause. They invest their income back into the organization to further their cause as opposed to distributing the earnings to shareholders, leaders, or members.
ecological
Understanding the relationships between people and their social environments (e.g., families, groups, communities, and societies).
medical model
In psychology, the medical model involves a therapist delivering one-on-one psychotherapy to patients. In medicine, it involves physicians providing treatments for one patient at a time.
community psychologists
A person who seeks to improve community well-being through a cycle of collaborative planning, action and research in partnership with local community members.
action-oriented research
Research that generates knowledge through participatory university/community partnerships in the hope of bringing about social change.
community-based participatory research
Research that involves an exchange of resources and ideas between researchers and the
community members as a way of understanding that is guided by community needs, also known as «participatory action research.»
globalization
The process of the movement and integration of local and national economies, including workers and governments, into a worldwide market with the goal of creating a global market economy.
competencies
The 18 competencies help define and clarify the unique combination of skills and values that differentiate community psychologists from other people working in community settings.
Community Mental Health Movement
A national movement in the 1960s to more efficiently and cost-effectively treat mental illness in community settings rather than solely in psychiatric hospitals.
individualistic perspective
A focus on the individual where the influence of larger environmental or societal factors is ignored.
respect for diversity
Acknowledgment, acceptance, and respect for the full range of human characteristics in their social, historical, and cultural contexts.
government
A legislative, executive or judiciary department, agency or commission that establishes and enforces laws and regulations, and provides basic infrastructure, health, education, public safety, and commerce/trade to supports its citizenry.
interdependencies
The interrelated relationships between the factors in the ecological model and how they influence people adapting to their environments.
interdisciplinary collaboration
Scientists from multiple disciplines work together to try to understand complex social and community problems.
active citizen participation
Assures a higher level of involvement in partnerships involving both community psychologists and community members.
Ecological Psychology
A subfield of psychology related to Community Psychology which focuses on the real-world relationships between people and their environments.
non-traditional community psychologists
A person who pursues training in other academic fields or have lived experiences as a community advocate.
social justice
Involves the fair distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges that provide equal
opportunities for education, health care, work, and housing.
capitalism
Also called a market economy, is an economic system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
grassroots
Individuals at the ground level of a community group or an organization are brought into key roles in intervention design and planning.
mixed methods research
Thoughtful combining of qualitative and quantitative data collection methods.
indigenous
Native, or aboriginal, meaning belonging to a locality. Native implies birth or origin in a place or region and may suggest compatibility with it.
strength-based approach
Focuses on building competencies and skills, rather than fixing deficits.
adaptation
Focuses on interactions between persons and their environments to better understand why behavior that is effective in one setting may not be useful in others.
sense of community
An individual’s perception of similarity to others, giving to others what one expects from them, and the feeling that one is part of a larger dependable and stable group.
ethnocentrism
The act of judging another culture based on preconceptions that are found in the values and standards of one’s own culture.
cultural humility
Ongoing process of learning about other cultures and being sensitive to cultural differences. Cultural humility includes acknowledging one’s own lack of knowledge about aspects of culture and recognizing power dynamics that impact the relationship.
deinstitutionalization
The long-term process of reducing the number of psychiatric hospitals and replacing them with less isolatory and community-based alternatives for people with disabilities or mental illnesses.
policy
Working with legislative, executive, or judicial branches of government to bring about change at the local, community, and societal levels.
context
The surroundings, circumstances, environment, background, or settings which determine, specify, or clarify the meaning of an event or other occurrence.
psychosocial
The relationship between thought and behavior, and social factors.
colonialism
The extension of a nation’s sovereignty over territory beyond its borders by the establishment of either settler colonies or administrative dependencies in which indigenous populations are directly ruled or displaced. Colonizing nations generally dominate the resources, labor, and markets of the colonial territory, and may also impose socio-cultural, religious, and linguistic structures on the conquered population.
interdependence
Because everything is connected, changing one aspect of an environment will have many ripple effects.
practice settings
Environments that allow for the application of Community Psychology practice principles in an applied environment.
liberation
Analyses that emphasizes social concern for the poor and the political emancipation for oppressed peoples.
empowerment
The process of gaining power emerging at the individual, organizational, community, and societal levels, which are affected by peoples’ previous experiences, skills, actions, and context.
culture
Dynamic concept of shared meanings and experiences that are passed down over time and generations. Culture includes shared beliefs, values, practices, definitions and other elements that are expressed through family socialization, formal schooling, shared language, social roles, and norms for feeling, thinking, and acting.
qualitative method
Methods involving collecting data that typically consists of words that provide comprehensive descriptions of participants’ experiences.
systems perspective
A consideration of individual, group, community, and ecological contextual factors when examining a phenomenon of interest.
consulting
Using expertise and skills to provide advice, and support to other organizations looking to make decisions or change something within their organization.
Swampscott Conference
The 1965 inaugural conference in Swampscott, Massachusetts that led to the creation of the field of Community Psychology.
collective wellness
Understanding and encouraging the state of good health for groups of people and communities.
pragmaticism
An approach that assesses the truth of meaning of theories or beliefs in terms of the success of their practical application.
Biennial Conference
A conference held every two years by The Society for Community Research and Action.
imperialism
The political and economic control of one nation over another.
Midwest Ecological Community Psychology Conference
An annual Community Psychology conference organized and led by students in the Midwest. Other regional conferences include the Southeast, Northeast, and Eastern ECO conferences, as well as the Community Research and Action in the West Conference.
cultural competence
Possessing the skills and knowledge necessary to effectively work with members of a culture.
prevention
The focus on actions that stop problems before they happen by boosting individual skills as well as by engaging in environmental change.
