Modern Utilitarianism

Question 1

Preference Utilitarianism (Singer and Hare)

Answer 1

satisfaction of peoples preferences rather than aiming to achieve the greatest balance of pleasure over pain

Question 2

preferences/ ideas can be more

Answer 2

important than happiness

- also don’t require any experience

Question 3

Negative utilitarianism (Popper)

Answer 3

seeks to promote least amount of pain or harm

- promotes reduction of pain as a greater moral obligation than increasing happiness

Question 4

Ideal Utilitarianism (Moore)

Answer 4

There’s a range of values hat might be maximised

• unconvincing that pleasure is the sole measure of what is good
• both pleasure, addition of knowledge beauty and love