Modern Medicine 1900+

Question 1

What is a magic bullet?

Answer 1

A mixture of a chemical and a dye to target diseases

Question 2

What was the difference between the first and second magic bullets?

Answer 2

The first only cured syphilis and the second killed multiple diseases including pneumonia, scarlet fever and meningitis

Question 3

In what year was the second magic bullet discovered?

Answer 3

1932

Question 4

What was the first magic bullet called?

Answer 4

Salvarsan 606

Question 5

What disease was Domagk trying to cure with the second magic bullet?

Answer 5

Blood poisoning

Question 6

Why was the magic bullet important?

Answer 6

It was the first (chemical) cure

Question 7

Who was the first person to work on developing penicillin?

Answer 7

Fleming

Question 8

In what year was penicillin discovered?

Answer 8

1928

Question 9

Why didn’t penicillin get developed in the 1920s?

Answer 9

Not enough funding as the government did not think it was important

Question 10

Who funded the mass production of penicillin?

Answer 10

The American Government

Question 11

What profession was the patient who received penicillin for 3 days?

Answer 11

A police officer

Question 12

What was penicillin tested on before a human patient?

Answer 12

Mice

Question 13

What are the names of the two scientists that developed penicillin?

Answer 13

Florey and chain

Question 14

What is the name given to drugs that stop infections caused by bacteria?

Answer 14

Antibiotics

Question 15

In what year was DNA discovered?

Answer 15

1953

Question 16

Who discovered DNA?

Answer 16

Franklin, Watson and Crick

Question 17

What improved technology helped the discovery of DNA?

Answer 17

X-ray photography

Question 18

What did the Human Genome Project do?

Answer 18

Mapped out all the genes in the human body and identified their roles

Question 19

What are genetic screening and therapy?

Answer 19

Testing genes and treatment of any issues

Question 20

What reforms did the liberal Government pass between 1906-1911?

Answer 20

1906- Education
1907- School medical service
1908- Old Age Pension Act
1909- Back to back housing banned
1912- National Health Insurance Act

Question 21

What disease did the first magic bullet cute?

Answer 21

Syphilis

Question 22

What was published in 1942?

Answer 22

Beveridge’s Report

Question 23

When was the NHS set up?

Answer 23

1948

Question 24

Who set up the NHS?

Answer 24

Bevan

Question 25

Name 3 developments in technology for diagnosis and treatment in hospitals

Answer 25

X-ray, MRI scans, radiotherapy, keyhole surgery, laser therapy

Question 26

How did Behring help the discovery of the first magic bullet?

Answer 26

He isolated antitoxins then found a way to inject them to cure disease

Question 27

When was the National Insurance Act?

Answer 27

1911

Question 28

When was Booth's report published?

Answer 28

1889

Question 29

When was Rowntree's report published?

Answer 29

1901

Question 30

What did Hata do?

Answer 30

He discovered that there had previously been a mistake. The 606th compound they had tested and dismissed was actually effective

Question 31

Who discovered the 2nd magic bullet?

Answer 31

Domagk

Question 32

What drug did Domagk develop to cure blood poisoning?

Answer 32

Prontosil

Question 33

Who did Domagk first test Prontosil on?

Answer 33

His daughter who was dying from blood poisoning after pricking her finger on a needle, he saved her life

Question 34

How did Fleming discover penicillin?

Answer 34

He went on holiday and when he returned he found mould in a Petri dish containing bacteria. This mould made the bacteria around it disappear. This mould was penicillin

Question 35

How did Fleming test penicillin?

Answer 35

Fleming used penicillin to treat a colleague's eye infection

Question 36

When did Florey and Chain test on a policeman?

Answer 36

1941

Question 37

When did Fleming write his article?

Answer 37

1929

Question 38

When was Penicillin mass produced for all?

Answer 38

1945

Question 39

When did Franklin photograph DNA?

Answer 39

1951

Question 40

How did Franklin manage to photograph DNA?

Answer 40

Using the improving X-rag technology

Question 41

What did Watson and Crick do?

Answer 41

Identified the structure of DNA

Question 42

What was the National Health Insurance Act?

Answer 42

- Free medical treatment for a wage earner | - Unemployment benefit provided for 15 weeks

Question 43

What did Booth's report do?

Answer 43

Recommended greater Government action

Question 44

What did Rowntree's report do?

Answer 44

Discusses the impact of poverty on health

Question 45

How did Germany impact on the public health of Britain?

Answer 45

Germany had a welfare state and had a healthier and stronger army because of this. Britain knew that they could not miss out on working days so they improved public health

Question 46

When was The Boer War?

Answer 46

1899-1902

Question 47

What was the impact of The Boer War on public health?

Answer 47

Britain needed to improve public health as people were not healthy enough to go to war and they knew that WW1 was coming. This led to the Liberal Reforms

Question 48

How did The Right to Vote impact on public health?

Answer 48

The Government were pressured into making change. Political parties needed to give concession to get votes and public health improvements were wanted/needed

Question 49

Why did people oppose the NHS?

Answer 49

- Some people didn't think the poor should be helped as they are sick and poor due to laziness - Doctors afraid of losing their freedom and didn't want to lose money - Some people thought that people would become lazy because they were getting 'something for nothing' as this would make people less likely to bother working

Question 50

What was the impact of the NHS on treatment?

Answer 50

All medical provision was covered but costs soared and glasses, dentistry and prescription costs were introduced in 1951

Question 51

What was the impact of the NHS on doctors training?

Answer 51

- Specialised training for different areas of medicine - Doctors = 7 years degree - Nurses = 3 years degree

Question 52

What was the impact of the NHS on technology?

Answer 52

People had access to: - Blood transfusions - X-rays - Radiothery - CAT scans - MRI scans - Endoscopes - Dialysis machines

Question 53

Who discovered the first magic bullet?

Answer 53

Erhlic