Modern America

Question 1

Great Railroad Strike

Answer 1

-worker’s wages were cut by 10%, workers went on strike because there were no labor unions

Question 2

Homestead Strike

Answer 2

-purposely cut wages that could not be survived on, which led to a strike, which led to the government sending national guard to restrain strikers

Question 3

Populist Party

Answer 3

-aka People’s Party (1891/1892) consisted of farmers going from democrats to populists
-wide range of demands, including graduated income tax, 8-hour workdays, immigration restrictions, government ownerships of railroads/telegraphs, and people-elected senators

Question 4

William McKinley

Answer 4

-“safe, boring, conservative” Republican nominee in Election of 1896

Question 5

Election of 1892

Answer 5

-candidates: Grover Cleveland (Democratic), Benjamin Harrison (Republican), James Weaver (Populist/People’s)
-Grover Cleveland won

Question 6

Election of 1896

Answer 6

-candidates: William McKinley (Republican), William Jennings Bryan (Democratic/Populist)
-McKinley won
-Populist party is mostly gone

Question 7

List the foundations of economic expansion in the US (advantages)

Question 8

Identify the inventions/inventors and innovations/innovators that contributed to industrialization and the transformation of the economy

Answer 8

-lightbulb (Thomas Edison, 1870s), led to power source and larger factories
-telephone (Alexander Graham Bell)
-steel construction innovations

Question 9

Explain the various ways the federal government financially subsidized private railroad companies, especially in the building of the transcontinental railroads, and the ways in which the federal government protected businesses against labor

Answer 9

-for each mile of the Transcontinental Railroad constructed, companies would receive 6,400 acres pf ;and and 48k in government bonds
-govt. provided military protection

Question 10

Identify and explain the conflicts between management and labor in the late 19th century. Define and discuss the “new immigration” (origins of immigrants, expectations, push/pull factors, process of assimilation, and American response)

Question 11

List the characteristics of Gilded Age politics

Question 12

List the primary complaints of farmers

Question 13

Muckrakers

Question 14

Describe the major themes, characteristics, and accomplishments of the Progressive movement

Question 15

City Beautiful Movement

Question 16

Playground Movement

Question 17

Building Code Reform

Question 18

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

Question 19

Settlement House Movement

Question 20

Jane Addams

Question 21

Hull House

Question 22

child labor reform

Question 23

William McKinley

Question 24

Theodore Roosevelt

Question 25

food and consumer safety movement

Question 26

Harvey Wiley

Question 27

the “Poison Squad”

Question 28

The Jungle

Question 29

Upton Sinclair

Question 30

Meat Inspection Act

Question 31

Pure Food and Drug Act

Question 32

18th and 19th Amendmentsf

Question 33

Bureau of the Census Report (1890)

Question 34

Spanish-American War

Question 35

Teller Amendment

Answer 35

-Henry M. Teller proposed amendment for the US to declare war against Spain which proclaimed the US would not establish permanent control over Cuba

Question 36

Platt Amendment

Answer 36

-Senator Orville Platt proposed treaty between the US and Canada that attempted to protect Cuba’s independence from foreign invasion

Question 37

Big Stick Diplomacy

Answer 37

-“speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far”
-wanted to show the world that the US was a strong country (Roosevelt)

Question 38

Identify the types of individuals (or characteristics of individuals) who were likely to be progressives

Answer 38

-young, MC (middle class), college educated, white, protestant

Question 39

List progressive reforms related to (1) the built environment, (2) social justice, (3) protection of consumer safety, (4) maintenance of middle-class morality

Question 40

Explain why problems developed related to adulterated foods

Question 41

Explain the link between child labor reform and compulsory school laws

Question 42

Explain the progressives’ view of the built environment

Question 43

Explain why many progressive reforms were targeted at urban areas and children

Question 44

Discuss progressivism as it relates to race relations

Question 45

Discuss how the US government encouraged, facilitated, and/or subsidized the settlement of the US West

Question 46

Explain the manifestation concept of manifest destiny in the late 19th century

Question 47

Identify American imperialist interests in the late 19th and early 20th centuries

Question 48

List the causes and impact of the Spanish-American War of 1898

Question 49

Deskilling

Answer 49

-skills becoming no longer marketable due to industrialization (ex. shoe factory built next to a cobbler)