Moderation

Question 1

variable that specifies conditions under which a given predictor is related to an outcome

Answer 1

moderator

Question 2

Answers the question, “when?”

Answer 2

moderator

Question 3

implies an interaction effect , where introducing a moderating variable changes the direction or magnitude of the relationship between two variables.

Answer 3

moderation

Question 4

(a) Enhancing
(b) Buffering
(c) Antagonistic

Answer 4

moderation analysis (effect)

Question 5

where increasing the moderator would increase the effect of the predictor (IV) on the outcome (DV).

Answer 5

Enhancing

Question 6

where increasing the moderator would decrease the effect of the predictor on the outcome

what effect

Answer 6

Buffering

Question 7

where increasing the moderator(m) would reverse the effect of the predictor(x) on the outcome(y).

what effect

Answer 7

Antagonistic

Question 8

“especially if” (semantics) “depending on”

Answer 8

moderation analysis

Question 9

IV is continuous
DV is continuous
MV is continuous OR categorical

Answer 9

moderation analysis

Question 10

in moderation analysis IV is

Answer 10

continuous

predictor

x

Question 11

in moderation analysis DV is

Answer 11

continuous

y

outcome

Question 12

in moderation analysis MV is

Answer 12

continuous or categorical
M
MODERATOR

Question 13

if IV is CATEGORICAL, use _

Answer 13

ANOVA

Question 14

If DV is CATEGORICAL use _

Answer 14

LOGISTIC REGRESSION

Question 15

Step 1: Estimate the interaction effect
Step 2: Statistical inference test
Step 3: If interaction is significant, then probe the interaction by doing a simple slopes analysis (or cheat sheet)

Answer 15

Sample
Moderation
Analysis Steps

Question 16

used to assess the effects of a
moderating variable

Answer 16

Hierarchical multiple regression

Question 17

To test moderation, we will, in particular, be looking at the _ effect between X and M and whether or not such an effect is significant in predicting Y

Answer 17

Interaction
effect between X and M and it’s significant

Hierarchical multiple regression

Question 18

X is what variable

Answer 18

Independent Variable

Question 19

Y is what variable

Answer 19

Dependent Variable

Question 20

M is what variable

Answer 20

Moderator Variable

Question 21

• Main Effects are Present
• Lack of Interaction
• Consistent Relationship
• Caution in Interpretation

Answer 21

Possible Conclusions in Moderation Analysis

Question 22

The significant simple slopes suggest that there are meaningful relationships between the predictor and the outcome at different levels of the moderator.

This means that predictor consistently affects the outcome, regardless of the level of the moderator.

Answer 22

Main Effects are Present

Question 23

This _ simple slopes suggest that there are meaningful relationships between the predictor and the outcome at different levels of the moderator. This means that predictor consistently affects the ourcome, regardless of the level of the moderator.

Answer 23

significant

Question 24

The non-significant interaction effect implies that the strength or direction of the relationship between predictor (IV) and outcome(DV) does not significantly change across different levels of the moderator.

In other words, while the relationship exists, it is not influenced by the moderator to a degree that is statistically significant

Answer 24

Lack of Interaction

Question 25

The _ interaction effect implies that the strength or direction of the relationship between predictor (IV) and outcome(DV) does not significantly change across different levels of the moderator. In other words, while the relationship exists, it is not influenced by the moderator to a degree that is statistically significant

Answer 25

non-significant

Question 26

Since the simple slopes are significant at both low and high levels of the moderator, you can conclude that the predictor’s effect on the outcome is relatively stable, even if it varies slightly in magnitude.

Answer 26

Consistent Relationship

Question 27

While the simple slopes analysis provides insights into the effect at specific levels of the moderator, the lack of a significant interaction means that one should be cautious about overinterpreting the differences in slopes as indicating a nuanced moderating effect.

Answer 27

Caution in Interpretation

Question 28

The effect of IQ on reading is not moderated by method of
teaching. What hypotheses?

Answer 28

Ho

Question 29

The effect of IQ on reading is moderated by method of teaching. What hypotheses?

Answer 29

Ha

Question 30

Step 1: Estimate the interaction effect - use

Answer 30

ANOVA

Question 31

Step 2: Statistical inference test - check the

Answer 31

significance

Question 32

Step 2: Statistical inference test - check the look at the _ (interaction effect)

Answer 32

p-value or F
(interaction effect)

Question 33

p-value or F, below the alpha level (<.05),
then it is

Answer 33

significant

Question 34

it is much better if the p-value is

Answer 34

decreasing

Question 35

is a follow-up procedure to the hierarchical regression

Answer 35

slope analysis

Question 36

Step 3: If interaction is significant, then
probe the interaction by doing a _ analysis (or cheat sheet).

○ compute values that are higher or
lower

Answer 36

simple slopes analysis

Question 37

actual value, the impact of IV to
DV

Answer 37

Estimates

Question 38

estimate increase = _ if p-
value is small

Answer 38

significant

Question 39

● the intersection of slopes is significant
● only a secondary analysis

Answer 39

Simple Slope Analysis

Question 40

To test the hypothesis that [IV] affects [DV] , and whether [M] moderates the relationship between [IV] and [DV] , a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results show that IV and [M] (B = ___, p = ___) have [in]significant main effects on [DV]. The interaction between [IV] and [M] is [also] [in]significant (B =___, p = ___). Furthermore, it is indicated that IV [do not] leads to DV depending on the presence of M.

Answer 40

Reporting Results
Format for Moderation:

Question 41

Simple Slopes Analysis indicate that when M scores are high (B = ___, p = ___), the effect of IV on DV is _______. On the other hand, when M scores are low (B = ___, p=___), the effect of the IV on the DV is _______.

Answer 41

Format for Simple Slopes Analysis