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Critical Care > Moderate Sedation test > Flashcards

Moderate Sedation test Flashcards

0
Q

Sedation ranges from ___________ sedation to _________ anesthesia

A

Minimal, general

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1
Q

What’s another name for Minimal Sedation?

A

Anxiolysis

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2
Q

How many levels of sedation are there?

A

4

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3
Q

Emergency resuscitative equipment must be immediately available durning ______ sedation

A

Moderate

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4
Q

What are some significant variations in physiologic parameters that may occur after MODERATE SEDATION? (6)

A
  1. Variation of +/- 20% in HR & BP
  2. Serious dysrhythmias
  3. SpO2 s baseline
  4. Dyspnea (SOB), apnea or HYPOventilation
  5. Diaphoresis (Sweating)
  6. Inability to arouse pt
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5
Q

What medications are used routinely alone or with the combination of an OPIATE to achieve sedation?

A

Benzodiazepines

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6
Q

What are benzodiazepines used for? (6)

A
  1. Anxiolysis
  2. Muscle relaxation
  3. Tx of seizures
  4. Tx of withdrawal states
  5. Short term procedures
  6. Induction of general anesthesia
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7
Q

How many benzodiazepines are on the U.S. market?

A

More than 25

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8
Q

What questions must the RN ask prior to the beginning of sedation? (4)

A

Current meds
Allergies
Pre-existing medical conditions
Time of last food and fluid intake

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9
Q

(T/F) Fasting guidelines are for scheduled minimal sedation and are determined by the RN

A

False
…scheduled moderate sedation
…determined by the physician/medical staff approved protocols

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10
Q

(T/F) In minimal sedation, cognitive function and coordination may be impaired, but ventilatory & cardiovascular functions are not affected.

A

True

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11
Q

(T/F) Minimal sedation was formerly know as “conscious sedation”

A

False (Moderate Sedation)

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12
Q

Pt may need assistance to maintain a patent airway and ventilatory function but cardiovascular function is usually maintained. _____________ sedation.

A

Deep

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13
Q

In what type of sedation does a pt respond normally to verbal commands?

A

Minimal sedation

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14
Q

In what types of sedation there is no need for interventions to maintain a patent airway?

A

minimal and moderate sedation

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15
Q

During this type of sedation a pt cannot be easily aroused, but responds purposefully following repeated or painful stimulation

A

Deep Sedation

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16
Q

What two types of sedation are called “Analgesia”

A

Moderate and Deep

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17
Q

What’s the only type of sedation where cardiovascular function may be impaired?

A

General Anesthesia

18
Q

What benzodiazepine is used to treat parasomnia (abnormal sleep patterns)

A

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

19
Q

Fentanyl is dosed in _____ instead of ______

A

MCG instead of MG

20
Q

General Anesthesia is defined by requiring what type of ventilation?

A

Positive pressure ventilation

21
Q

State of sedation in which pt is not arousable, even by painful stimulation

A

General Anesthesia

22
Q

(T/F) A physician must be immediately available at the initiation and during continued administration of moderate sedation or the procedure will not be started

A

Ture

23
Q

Administration of moderate sedation may be done by: (3)

A

A physician
An anesthetist
RN with established competency under the supervision of on of the two mentioned before

24
Q

(T/F) A nurse in the ICU can give Dipravan (propofol) IVP

A

False

25
Q

Diprivan (propofol) falls into which class of drugs?

A

Anesthetic

26
Q

Which of the following has fewer hemodynamic effects?

a. Diprivan b. Etomidate

A

Etomidate

27
Q

Repeat doses of Narcan are dependent on what variables?

A

Amount, Type and Route of administration of the opioid being antagonized

28
Q

Which class of drugs is reversed by Narcan?

A

Opioids

29
Q

Romazicon reverses which class of drugs?

A

Benzodiazepines

30
Q

What’s the reverse agent for Diprivan?

A

There in no known reversal agent

31
Q

Whats the maximum dose of morphine?

A

No clearly defined maximum dose

32
Q

What are alprazolam (Xanax), lorazepam (Ativan), and triazolam (Halicon) used for?

A

Generalized anxiety, and panic attacks

33
Q

What four benzodiazepines are used to treat seizures?

A

Ativan, midazolam (Versed), Xanax, diazepam (Valium)

34
Q

What’s the principle action of Morphine Sulfate?

A

Analgesia

35
Q

What imposes the ceiling to analgesic effectiveness during morphine tx?

A

Side effects: somnolence, HYPOtension, and respiratory depression

36
Q

Vital signs are taken every __ minutes until stable and then every __ minutes until pt meets discharge/recovery criteria

A

5, 10

37
Q

Morphine 10 mg is approximately equal to how much Fentanyl?

A

100 mcg

38
Q

Fasting guidelines are observed for _________ __________

A

Moderated sedation

39
Q

(T/F) There a “time out” required prior to beginning a procedure with moderate sedation

A

TRUE

40
Q

What is the potential problem when giving moderated sedation in an emergency?

A

The pt is not NPO, and there is a chance for vomit and aspiration

41
Q

Why is re-sedation a concern when using Romazicon?

A

the duration and effect of a long acting dose or a short acting large dose of the benzodiazepine medication may exceed the effect of the reversal agent

42
Q

(T/F) Morphine is more potent than Fentanyl

A

False

43
Q

10 mg of Morphine equal about ___ mg of Demerol

A

75

Critical Care (11 decks)

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