Mode Of Actcion 0.3 Flashcards
What is phenylpropanolamine mode of action?
-acts on urethral smooth muscle to increase urethral tone
What is phenylpropanolamine uses?
-treats urinary incontinence associated with urethral sphincter incompetence in the bitch
What is osaterone mode of action?
-a steroid anti-adrogen, which inhibits the effects of an excess production of male hormone
-inhibits the effects of an excess of male hormone through various mechanisms
-prevents the binding of androgens to their prostatic receptors and blocks the transport of testosterone into the prostate
What is osaterone uses?
-treats benign prostatic hyperplasia in dogs
What is proligestone mode of action?
-acts to postpone or prevent oestrus dependant on intervals of administration
-modulates the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone leading to suppression of follicle development and anoestrus
What is proligestone uses?
-small animal oestrus cycle
What is oxytocin mode of action?
-stimulates strong, regular and purposeful contractions of the uterine muscle especially in the later stages of pregnancy and post-parum
-also evokes the let down of milk
What is oxytocin uses?
-stimulation of uterine contractions
-aids in control of post-partum haemorrhage
-promotes milk let down
What is aglepristone mode of action?
-a synthetic steroid counteracting the effect of progesterone by competing with the hormone at the level of the uterine receptors
-results in abortion within 7 days after administration
What is aglepristone uses?
-induction of absorption in pregnant bitches up to 45 days after mating
What are decongestants mode of action?
-reduce congestion by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system, which causes vasoconstriction in congested areas
-vasoconstriction leads to a decrease in tissue oedema and secretions, which reduces signs associated with congestion
What are bronchodilators mode of action?
-increases airway diameter thereby allowing reduced expiratory efffort
What is albuterol and terbutaline mode of action?
-B2 adrenergic agonists
-acts on smooth muscle of the airways to cause dilation
What is theophylline mode of action?
-causes relaxation of smooth muscle as well as having additional effects on the CNS and heart muscle
What are mucolytics mode of action?
-break up or lyse mucus or reduce its thickness so that it can be expelled from the bronchiole tree by the cilia
What are expectorants mode of action?
-increase the fluidity of mucus thereby facilitating its removal
-they do this by increasing the amount of fluid secreted by the respiratory cells
What are central antitussives mode of action?
-act on the coughing centres in the medulla to suppress coughing
What are local antitussives mode of action?
-suppress coughing by soothing the inflamed tissue
What is an example of a respiratory stimulant?
Doxapram
What is Doxapram mode of action?
-stimulates the respiratory centres in the medulla and chemoreceptors in the aorta and carotid artery to increase tidal volume
What is Doxapram uses?
-used primarily in emergency situations during anaesthesia
-decreases respiratory depressant effects of opiates and barbiturates
What is apomorphine mode of action?
-emetic used to induce vomiting
-induces vomiting by acting centrally to stimulate the vomiting centre in the brain
What is maropitant mode of action?
-anti emetic used to treat or prevent vomiting
-blocks the action of substance P a neurotransmitter that causes the brain to perceive nausea and creates the impulse to vomit
What is metoclopromide mode of action?
-anti emetic designed to treat or prevent vomiting
-works locally on GI tract
-also enhances peristaltic activity, so is also sometimes used to prevent or treat GI stasis in rabbits
