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Boards Review - Non Systems > Modalities > Flashcards

Modalities Flashcards

1
Q

Ice massage

A

Small and contoured areas
Small overlapping circles or strokes
10cm x 15 cm can be covered in 5-10 minutes

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2
Q

Cold pack

A

Moist towel

20 minutes

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3
Q

Cold bath

A

Distal extremities, however gravity dependent condition
55-64 degrees F
15-20 minutes

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4
Q

Cold compression unit

A

Circulates cold water through a sleeve

50-77 F

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5
Q

Cryo cuff

A

Gravity flow for compression, water in sleeve

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6
Q

Therapeutic effects of cryo

A 
Decreased blood flow to area
Decreased edema
Decreased local temp 
Decreased metabolic rate
Decreased nerve conduction velocity
Decreased tone
Increased pain threshold
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7
Q

Cryo indications

A 
Abnormal tone
Acute or chronic pain 
Acute or subacute inflammation
Bursitis
Muscle spasm 
Myofascial triger points
Tendinitis
Tenosynovitis
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8
Q

Cryo contras

A 
Cold intolerance
Cold urticaria 
Cryoglobulinemia, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, PVD, raynaud’s
Infection
Compromised circulation 
Regenerating peripheral nerve
Skin anesthesia
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9
Q

Superficial heat therapeutic effects

A

Decreased: muscle spasm, tone
Increased: blood flow, capillary permeability, collagen extensibility, local temp, metabolic rate, muscle elasticity, nerve conduction velocity, pain threshold

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10
Q

Superficial thermo indications

A 
Abnormal tone
Decreased ROM
Muscle guarding
Muscle spasm
Myofascial trigger points
Subacute or chronic pain 
Subacute or chronic inflammation
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11
Q

Superficial heat contras

A 
Acute musculoskeletal trauma
Arterial disease
Bleeding or hemorrhage
Over an area of compromised circulation 
Over an area of malignancy 
PVD
Thrombophlebitis
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12
Q

Fluido

A

Circulates warm air and small cellulose particles
100-118 F
15-20 minutes
Can perform active exercise

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13
Q

Infrared lamp

A 
First few mm human tissue
Tissue temp increase proportional to amount of eradication that penetrates
Wear opaque goggles
20 inches from source
15-30 minutes
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14
Q

Paraffin

A

113-122 deg Fahrenheit

Dip wrap, dip reimmersion, pain application

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15
Q

Deep thermal indications - US

A 
Acute and post acute 
Ca deposits
Chronic inflammation
Delayed soft tissue healing
Joint contracture, muscle spasm, myofacial trigger points
Pain, scar tissue
Tissue regeneration
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16
Q

US contras

A 
No thermal on acute/post-acute
Active bleeding
Decreased temp sensation, or circulation 
DVT
Infection 
Malignancy, breast implants, carotid sinus or cervical ganglia
Epiphyseal in young children 
Eyes, heart, genitalia
Methyl methacrylate cement or plastic
Pregnancy 
Pacemaker 
Thrombophlebitis
Vascular insufficiency
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17
Q

1 MHz US

A

Deeper tissue up to 5 cm

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18
Q

3 MHz US

A

Superficial tissue 1-2 cm

19
Q

Duty cycle US

A

[On time / (on time + off time) ] * 100
Continuous, thermal effects
Pulsed less heating and nonthermal effects

20
Q

Therapeutic effects of hydrotherapy

A 
Decreased abnormal tone
Increased: blood flow and core temp
Pain relief
Relaxation
Vasodilation
Wound debridement
21
Q

Hydrotherapy indications

A 
Arthritis
Burn care
Edema
Decreased ROM 
Desensitization of residual limb
Joint stiffness, muscle spasm, strain, sprain
Wound care
22
Q

Hydrotherapy contras

A 
Advanced CV or pulm disease
Active bleeding 
Diminished sensation
Gangrene
Impaired circulation
Incontinence
Maceration
PVD
Renal infection, severe infection
serve mental disorders
23
Q

Lumbar Traction

A 
Force during relax is 50% of during hold
25% of total body weight for soft tissue stretch
50% BW for actual joint separation
5-30 minutes
Disk 10
24
Q

Cervical traction

A

7-10% BW soft tissue stretch
13-30% BW for joint separation
Do not exceed 30 lbs
5-30 minutes

25
Q

Small electrodes

A

Increased current density
Increased impedance
Decreased current flow

26
Q

Large electrodes

A

Decreased current density
Decreased impedance
Increased current flow

27
Q

NMES

A 
Facilitate muscle activity - 1 electrode over motor point
Minimum of 2 inches apart
Current- force of contraction
Frequency of 35-50 pulses per second
Off time 5x longer than on time
Minimum of 10 contractions, max of 20
28
Q

Conventional rate tens

A

Sensory response
High frequency 30-150 pops
Short duration 50-11
Variable

29
Q

Acupuncture like TENS

A

Muscle twitch
Low frequency 2-4
Long duration 100-300
20-45 minutes

30
Q

Brief intense TENS

A

Strong parenthesis or a motor response
High pulse frequency 60-200
Long duration 150-500
15 minutes

31
Q

Noxious TENs

A

Highest tolerated stimulus
High or low pulse frequency
Long duration 250 to 1 second
30-60 seconds for each point

32
Q

Iontophoresis indications

A 
Pain
Calcium deposits
Fungal infection
Hyper hydros is
Inflammation
Ischemia
Keloids
Muscle spasms
Myositis ossificans
Plantar warts
Scar tissue 
Wounds
33
Q

Iontophoresis contraindications

A

Drug allergies

Skin sensitivity reaction to specific ions

34
Q

Iontophoresis acidic reaction

A

Hydrochoric acid forms under the positive electrode (anode)

35
Q

Iontophoresis alkaline reaction

A

Sodium hydroxide forming under negative electron (cathode)

36
Q

Acetic acid

A

Calcific deposits
Myositis ossificans
Negative

37
Q

Calcium chloride

A

Scar tissue, keloids, muscle spasm

Negative

38
Q

Copper sulfate

A

Fungal infection

Positive

39
Q

Dexamthasone

A

Inflammation

Negative

40
Q

Iodine

A

Scars, adhesive capsulitis

Negative

41
Q

Lidocaine

A

Analgesia, inflammation

Positive

42
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

Muscle spasm, ischemia

Positive

43
Q

Salicylates

A

Muscle and joint pain, plantar warts

Negative

44
Q

Zinc oxide

A

Healing, dermal ulcers, wounds

Positive

Boards Review - Non Systems (5 decks)

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