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BMA1901-Module 6 > Mod6-Obj3: Sympathetic ad parasympathetic divisions > Flashcards

Mod6-Obj3: Sympathetic ad parasympathetic divisions Flashcards

1
Q

Motor neurons of the ANS

A

Both divisions serve same organs

  • Site of exit from CNS
  • Relative lengths of axons
  • Location of ganglia
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2
Q

Motor neurons of the ANS: Chain of 2 peripheral neurons

A
  1. ) CNS to effector
  2. ) Preganglionic neuron (thin and lightly myelinated axon)
    - Postganglionic neuron (ery thin and non-myelinated axon)
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3
Q

Motor neurons of the ANS: Autonomic ganglia

A

Contain cell bodies of postganglionic neurons

  • Site of synapse between pre and postganglionic neurons
  • Located near spinal cord or target organ
  • NT released from preganglionic axon (ACh)
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4
Q

Motor neurons of the ANS: Autonomic ganglia

A

Contain cell bodies of postganglionic neurons

  • Site of synapse between pre and postganglionic neurons
  • Located near spinal cord or target organ
  • NT released from preganglionic axon (ACh)
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5
Q

Parasympathetic division

A

Craniosacral division
-Preganglionic neurons arise from opposite ends of CNS
+Brain stem
+Sacral region of spinal cord (S2-S4)
-Ganglia located close to or within target organ

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6
Q

Parasympathetic division (Preganglionic fibres)

A

Long, myelinated

  • Synapse with postganglionic neurons
  • Release ACh)
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7
Q

Parasympathetic division (Postganglionic fibres)

A

Short, unmyelinated

  • Synapse with effector/target organ
  • Release ACh
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8
Q

Parasympathetic: Cranial pathway

A

Preganglionic axons leave gray matter nuclei of brain stem via cranial nerves

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9
Q

Cranial pathway: CNIII

A

Oculomotor nerve

-Smooth muscle of the eye

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10
Q

Cranial pathway: CNVII

A

Facial nerve

-Salivary, nasal and lacrimal glands

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11
Q

Cranial pathway: CNIX

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

-Salivary gland

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12
Q

Cranial pathway: CNX

A

Vagus nerve

-Neck, thoracic and abdominal visceral organs

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13
Q

Parasympathetic: Sacral pathway

A

Preganglionic neurons

  • Lateral gray horns
  • Axon exits ventral root of spinal nerves S2-S4
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14
Q

Sacral pathway: Postganglionic axon innervates

A 
Pelvic organs (bladder, reproductive)
-Distal portion of large intestine
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15
Q

Sympathetic division: Thoracolumbar division

A

All preganglionic fibres arise from neurons in spinal cord segments T1-L2
-Ganglia located close to spinal cord

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16
Q

Sympathetic division (Preganglionic fibres)

A

Long, myelinated

  • Synapse with postganglionic neurons
  • Release ACh)
17
Q

Sympathetic (Postganglionic fibres)

A

Long, unmyelinated

  • Synapse with effector/target organ
  • Release NA
18
Q

Sympathetic trunk

A

Chain of 23 sympathetic ganglia and fibres runnin from one ganglion to another

  • Flanks both sides of the vertebral column (prevertebral ganglia)
  • Extends from neck to pelvis
19
Q

Sympathetic pathways:

segments T1-T4

A

Segments T1-T4 innervate the head

-Skin, blood vessels, pupil, nasal & salivary glands, heart

20
Q

Sympathetic pathways:

segments T4-T6

A

Segments T4-T6 innervate the thorax

-Heart and lungs

21
Q

Sympathetic pathways:

segments T5-L2

A

segments T5-L2 innervates the abdominopelvic organs

22
Q

Sympathetic pathways:

segments T5-L2

A

segments T5-L2 innervates the abdominopelvic organs

23
Q

Sympathetic pathways: The adrenal medulla

A

Sympathetic preganglionic fibres

  • Synapse with adrenal medullary cells
  • Release ACh (stimulates adrenal medullary cells to secrete hormones)
  • Release NA and A (move through vascular system, to enhance and prolong sympathetic response)
24
Q

Sympathetic effects are widespread

A

Single preganglionic neuron can synapse with multiple postganglionic neurons (activate multiple effectors)

25
Q

Visceral reflexes

A

autonomic motor response to stimulus act to preserve homeostasis
e.g.) Baroreceptor or pupillary

26
Q

Baroreceptor reflex

A

Monitors blood pressure

27
Q

If blood pressure rises

A

-Baroreceptor activated: signals cardiovascular centre in medulla
Response: Increase parasympathetic and decrease sympathetic activity
Result: decreased heart rate and FOC to decrease blood pressure

BMA1901-Module 6 (5 decks)

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