Mod6-Obj2: ANS

Question 1

Two autonomic divisions

Answer 1

1. ) Sympathetic
2. ) Parasympathetic
   - Dual innervation
   - Work independently or together
   - Opposing effects (one division predominates, each counterbalance to maintain homeostasis)

Question 2

Role of sympathetic division

Answer 2

Prepares the body for heightened activity

-Fight-or-flight

Question 3

Effects of sympathetic division

Answer 3

• Increases cardiovascular and respiratory activity
• Causes liver to release glucose
• Increases sweat gland activity
• Dilates pupils
• Decreases digestive functions and urination

Question 4

Role of parasympathetic division

Answer 4

Stimulates abdominal visceral activity to conserve energy

-Rest and digest

Question 5

Effects of parasympathetic division

Answer 5

• Directs digestion, diuresis and defecation
• Decreases cardiovascular and respiratory activity
• Constricts pupils

Question 6

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Heart

Answer 6

Sympathetic response:
-Increases rate and strength of contraction 
-Increased cardiac output 
Parasympathetic response:
-Decreased heart rate 
-Decreased cardiac output

Question 7

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Blood vessels

Answer 7

Sympathetic response:
-Vasoconstriction in non-essential areas
-Vasodilation in cardiac and skeletal muscle
Parasympathetic response:
-None

Question 8

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Lung

Answer 8

Sympathetic response:
-Bronchiole dilation
Parasympathetic response:
-Bronchiole constriction

Question 9

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Liver

Answer 9

Sympathetic response:
-Stimulates release of glucose into blood
Parasympathetic response:
-Increases glucose uptake from blood

Question 10

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Sweat glands

Answer 10

Sympathetic response:
-Stimulates sweating
Parasympathetic response:
-None

Question 11

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Salivary glands

Answer 11

Sympathetic response:
-Stimulates secretion of thick saliva
Parasympathetic response:
-Increases secretion of watery saliva

Question 12

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Stomach

Answer 12

Sympathetic response:
-Decreased secretion and motility
Parasympathetic response:
-Increased secretion and motility

Question 13

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Stomach

Answer 13

Sympathetic response:
-Decreased secretion and motility
Parasympathetic response:
-Increased secretion and motility

Question 14

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Intestine

Answer 14

Sympathetic response:
-Decreased secretion and motility
Parasympathetic response:
-Increased secretion and motility

Question 15

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Kidney

Answer 15

Sympathetic response:
-Reduced blood flow
-Reduced urine formation 
Parasympathetic response:
-Increased blood flow
-Increased urine formation

Question 16

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Urinary bladder

Answer 16

Sympathetic response:
-Micturition inhibited
Parasympathetic response:
-Micturition promoted

Question 17

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Adrenal gland

Answer 17

Sympathetic response:
-Secretion of adrenalin and noradrenalin
Parasympathetic response:
-None

Question 18

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Spleen

Answer 18

Sympathetic response:
-Released of stored blood
Parasympathetic response:
-None

Question 19

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Spleen

Answer 19

Sympathetic response:
-Released of stored blood
Parasympathetic response:
-None

Question 20

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Rectum

Answer 20

Sympathetic response:
-Defecation inhibited
Parasympathetic response:
-Defecation promoted

Question 21

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic: Eye

Answer 21

Sympathetic response:
-Pupil dilates and lens flattens (distance vision)
Parasympathetic response:
-Pupil constricts and lens thickens (near vision)