MOD Etc. II Flashcards
Translocation for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
(9;22)
Genes associated w/ CML
ABL 9q34
BCR 22q11
Translocations for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
(8;21)
15;17
Translocation for Burkitt lymphoma
(8;14)
Translocation for Mantle cell lymphoma
(11;14)
Translocation for Follicular lymphoma
(14;18)
Gene DNMT3A
Function:
Tumor:
Function: DNA methylation
Tumor: AML
Gene MLL1
Function:
Tumor:
Function: histone methylation
Tumor: acute leukemia in infants
Gene MLL2
Function:
Tumor:
Function: histone methylation
Tumor: follicular lymphoma
Gene CREBBP/EP300
Function:
Tumor:
Function: histone acetylation
Tumor: diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Gene ARID1A
Function:
Tumors:
Function: nucleosome positioning/chromatin remodeling
Tumors: ovarian clear cell carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma
SNF5
Function:
Tumor:
Function: nucleosome positioning/chromatin remodeling
Tumor: malignant rhabdoid tumor
PBRM1
Function:
Tumor:
Function: nucleosome positioning/chromatin remodeling
Tumor: renal carcinoma
Laboratory diagnosis of cancer - 6 methods (6)
Histologic
Immunohistochemistry
- cytokeratin
- epithelial membrane ag. (EMA)
- leukocyte common ag. (LCA, CD45)
- peroxidase
- non-specific esterase
- GFAP
Cytologic
Flow cytometry
Circulating tumor cells
Molecular and cytogenetic diagnostics
Neuron-specific enolase (2)
Small cell carcinoma
Neuroblastoma
TP53, APC, RAS mutants in stool and serum
Colon cancer
TP53, RAS mutants in stool and serum
Pancreatic cancer
TP53, RAS mutants in sputum and serum
Lung cancer
TP53 mutants in urine
Bladder cancer
Most common cancer of the skin
Basal cell carcinoma > squamous cell carcinoma > melanoma
TP53 is the…
Guardian of the genome
APC is the…
Gatekeeper of colonic neoplasia
RB is the…
Governor of the cell cycle
What are the targets cells of the DNA viruses that can induce cancer?
HPV - cervical carcinoma HHSV8 - Kaposi sarcoma HBV - liver disease EBV - Burkitt lymphoma and nasolaryngeal carcinomas MCV - Merkel cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma is associated with which paraneoplastic syndrome?
Hypercalcemia
Malignancies associated with HH/WNT in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Hepatoblastoma
Pancreatoblastoma
Adrenocortical tumors
Rhabdomyosarcomas
Most common malignancy in kids
B cell leukemia
Most common solid tumor in kids
Medulloblastoma
Most common extracranial tumor in kids
Neuroblastoma
Immunohistochemistry techniques and what cancers they target (6)
Cytokeratin - skin cancers
Epithelial membrane Ag - carcinomas
Leukocyte C Ag (LCA) (CD45) - WBC malignancies
Peroxidase - myeloid cell line malignancies
Non-specific esterase - monocytic neoplasia
GFAP - malignancies of glial origins
“Major nuclear regulatory oncogene”
MYC
All of the oncogenes are AD, except:
MSH - DNA repair factor
Von Hippel Lindau syndrome includes (3)
Cerebellar hemangioblastoma
Retinal angioma
Renal cell carcinoma
To perform its normal action, p53 acts through what?
p21 to cause apoptosis via transcription of genes like BAX
What chromosome is p53 found?
17p13.1
Xeroderma pigemtosum
Problem with nucleotide excision repair from UV damage
HTLV-1 is an RNA virus that causes what malignancy?
Adult T cell/leukemia/lymphoma, mostly in South American countries
