Mod 8 - DNA mutation Flashcards
two ways mutations can occur
errors in DNA replication (spontanteous mutation)
mutagens
(chemical or environmental agents)
what is base tautomerism
where a tautomer is inserted by accident into the sequence instead of the regular nucleootide
cuz they’re so similar
but the tautomer may cause a diff base to pair with it
what prefix gives normal bases
amino
keto
what prefix references a tautomer
imino
enol
what does imino adenine pair with
C
what does enol-thymine pair with
G
what does enol guanine pair with
T
what does imino cytosine pair with
G
which is the only tautomer that doesnt make a difference
imino-cytosine
what is a base analog
mutagen
base analog replaces normal nucleotide
sometimes can cause a diff nucletoide to base pair with it
so its similar to base tautomerism
what is the important base analog u need to know
5-bromouracil
(5bU)
what can this base analog be used for
to induce mutations in a lab
and in cancer chemotherapy
what is 5bU an analog of
thymine
what are the two types of 5bU
keto-5bU
enol-5bU
which 5bU is not good
enol 5bU
cuz it pairs with G not A
