MOd 8

Question 1

1. This provides services to allow end dev to exchange data
2. This has 4 basic operations from num 1

Answer 1

1. Network layer

Has AERD
2.1 Addressing eNd Devices
Z.2 Encapsulation.
3 routing
4 DE-encapsulation

Question 2

T / F

1. IP ENcapsulates the Transport layer and can use the Ipv4 n ipv6
2. Ip add does not change from source to destination
3. Ip Does NOT EXPECT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS And ip does not knw if the other dev is OPERATIONAL or received the packet
4. Ip CHARACHTERISTICS 3?

Answer 2

1. T
2. T
3. T

3.1 Connectionless // no connection w the destination b4 sending the packet( no prenotification)
3.2 Best Effort // no guarantee of the packet
3.3 Media Independent // unreliable does not fix corrupt packets, but can be sent over via copper, fiber, wireless, MTU HAPPENED HEre

Question 3

1. ?? Is when layer 3 splits the ipv3 packet into smaller units, this causes latency ( • Example: Router goes from Ethernet to a slow WAN with a smaller MTU)
2. Its the primary communication protocol for the network layer, ensures the packet is sent for to d correct direction

Answer 3

1. Layer 3
2. IPV4 packet header

Question 4

1. Is read from left to right

What r ipv4 packet header charct? 3

Answer 4

1. Diagram

2.1 its binary
2.2 read from left to right
23 two important fields r the source n destination

Question 5

IPV4 HAS 3 limitations

Answer 5

1 IPV4 address depletion// ubos na

2. Lack of end-to-end connectivity// ended direct communi w public addressing
3. Increased network complexity//nat cause latency n troubleshooting issues

Question 6

Ipv6 was dev by ?.
And the header is fixed at ?? Bytes or octets long

3. How much destinaton n source address ?

4

Answer 6

1. IETF ( Internet Engineering Task Force)
2. 40
3. 128 bits

Question 7

?? R always created at the source

A host can send packers to the ff ?? N ??

Source determ whether d destination is local oR remote, 2 methods of determination

Answer 7

1. Packets
2. Itself 127.0.0.1 & ipv6
3. Ipv4 // uses its own ip addr n Subnet mask
   N destination ip add
   Ipv6// uses network add n prefized by the local router

Question 8

2 kinds of traffic in forwarding decisions

Can router/layer 3 swutch be a default gateway? T/f

T/ f
Def. Gatewt must have an IP address in the same range as the rest of the LAN.
• It can accept data from the LAN and is capable of forwarding traffic off of the LAN.
• It can route to other networks.
If a device has no default gateway or a bad default gateway, its traffic will not be
able to leave the LAN.

Answer 8

1. Local traffic// dumped out to the host interface n be handled by an intermediary dev
   1.1 remote traffic // forward directly sa default gateway on the lAn
2. T
3. T
   T
   T
   T

Question 9

3 routes of d routing table

Answer 9

1. Directly connected// these rotes r automatically added by the router
2. Remote // directions dat can be learned ( Manually - w a static route & Dynamically- uses routing protocol)
3. Default Doute//forwards all traffic to a psecific direc when der is no match in routing table

Question 10

?—- this routing must b config manually, good for small non-redundant networks, often used im conjuction w a dynamic routing protocol for config a default route

This discover remote netw n maintain up date info, n choose best paths to the destination, shares static def routes??

Answer 10

1. Static routing
2. Dynamic routing

Question 11

L?
2. O
3. D
C.
5. S?

Answer 11

1. Direc conn local inter ip address
2. OSPF
   3 EIGRP
3. DIRECT CONNEC NETWORK
   5 static route manually config