mod 7 Flashcards
is the science of naming, describing, and classifying
organisms including plants, animals, and even microorganisms.
taxonomy
Arrangement of organisms into groups (taxa, singular taxon) on the basis of
their relationships.
classification
Study of the kinds and diversity of organisms and the relationships among them.
systematics
The broadest level of classification, with the most organisms in it.
domain
A (blank) is a group of closely related species.
genus
has a unique identifier that describes only that species.
species
is a scientist’s best guess about how species are related through evolution.
phylogeny
humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas share a common ancestor, so they are more closely related to each other than to monkeys
monophyletic groups
The bird and crocodile share a common ancestor that other reptiles don’t have, so they are more closely related to each other than to snakes or lizards.
polyphyletic groups
The whale and hippopotamus are more closely related to each other than to other animals like deer or elephants.
paraphyletic
A way of classifying organisms based on shared traits that come from a common ancestor
cladistics
Are groups of organisms that share a common ancestor.
clades
A diagram that shows the relationships between different species based on shared traits.
cladogram
Is the second part of an organism’s scientific name in binomial nomenclature.
specific epithet
Classification comprising related organisms that share common characteristics and are capable of interbreeding.
species
Individuals of different subspecies sometimes interbreed, but they produce many sterile male offspring.
sub-species (interbreed)
is a “cultivated variety” that consists of plants that have been selected or bred by plant breeders for specific characteristics and are maintained through seed increase generations as true-breeding populations of plants.
cultivar
the pioneer of plant classification
theophrastus
Group plants under three headings: as aromatic, culinary, and medicinal.
dioscorides
Swedish naturalist and explorer who was the first to frame principles for defining natural genera and species of organisms and to create a uniform system for naming them (binomial nomenclature).
carolus linnaeus
give the three domains
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
the next level of classification are divided into
Family
the system of naming organisms using two names: one for the genus and one for the species
binomial nomenclature
A tool that can be used to identify organisms or objects in the natural world, such as plants, animals, or rocks
Dichotomous Key