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Therapeutic Exercise > Mod 6: Foot/Ankle/Bone Injury > Flashcards

Mod 6: Foot/Ankle/Bone Injury Flashcards

1
Q

deep fibular nerve innervates which mm? (4)

A

anterior tib
ext hallucis longus
ext digitorum longus
fibularis tertius

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2
Q

tibial nerve innervates which mm? (6)

A

gastroc, soleus, plantaris
tibialis post
flex digitorum longus
flex hallucis longus

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3
Q

superficial fibular nerve innervates which mm? (2)

A

fibularis brevis
fibularis longus

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4
Q

lateral ligaments (3)

A

anterior talofibular lig (ATFL)
posterior talofibular lig (PTFL)
calcaneal fibular lig (CFL)

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5
Q

medial ligament of the ankle

A

deltoid ligamant

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6
Q

joint of DF/PF with what 2 bones?
-open packed position?
-closed packed position?

A

talocrural jt
talus & tibia
OP: full PF
CP: full DF

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7
Q

joint of inversion/eversion with what 2 bones?

A

subtalar joint
talus + calcaneus

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8
Q

CKC supination:
calcaneal motion (1), talar motion (2), tibial motion (1)

A

calcaneal inversion
talus ABD & DF
tibial ER

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9
Q

CKC pronation:
calcaneal motion (1), talar motion (2), tibial motion (1)

A

calcaneal eversion
talus ADD & PF
tibial IR

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10
Q

3 arches of the foot
what purpose?

A

anterior transverse arch
medial & lateral longitudinal arch
for stability, like tripod

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11
Q

gait deviations: mm problem?
foot slap, toe drag, excess hip/knee flexion

A

weak DF/ant tib

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12
Q

gait deviations: mm problem?
lack of push-off/pre swing

A

weak PF/gastroc

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13
Q

gait deviations: mm problem?
excess supination

A

weak evertors/fibularis

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14
Q

gait deviations: mm problem?
excess pronation

A

weak invertors/post. tib

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15
Q

ATFL & PTFL special tests

A

Anterior Drawer Test
Posterior Drawer Test

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16
Q

CFL sprain special test

A

Talar Tilt Test

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17
Q

special test for ruptured Achilles tendon/no PF

A

Thompson’s Test

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18
Q

special test for DVT d/t calf pain/tenderness

A

Homan’s sign

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19
Q

talocrural jt
anterior glide for?
posterior glide for?

A

ant: PF
post: DF

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20
Q

subtalar jt
medial glide for?
lateral glide for?

A

med: eversion
lat: inversion

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21
Q

distal tib/fib jt
anterior glide for?
posterior glide for?

A

ant: PF
post: DF

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22
Q

collapse of ankle, midfoot & rearfoot
imbalance of fib brevis & post tib

A

pronated foot

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23
Q

pes planus; little/no arch with WB

A

flatfoot

24
Q

pes cavus; abnormally supinated foot
- high arch, tibial ER, increased forefoot varus
-lost shock absorption

A

stiff foot

25
Q

high vs. low lateral ankle sprain ligaments?

A

high: Ant tibiofibular ligament
low: ATFL, CFL, PTFL ligaments (tALOfibular)

26
Q

ankle sprains can progress to ____
d/t what types of instability? (2)

A

chronic ankle instability
mechanical/structural instability & functional/strength instability

27
Q

surgery: Achilles lengthening, distal tib/fib fusion, sometimes subtalar fusion

A

total ankle arthroplasty

28
Q

valgus deviation of great toe w/ pain/stiff/red/swelling of 1st MTP jt
-exostosis (benign bone tumor) on dorsomedial aspect of 1st MT

A

Hallux Valgus/Bunions

29
Q

what to stretch vs strengthen in bunions?

A

stretch Achilles
strengthen intrinsic foot mm

30
Q

sprain of the 1st MTP jt

A

turf toe

31
Q

joint flexion involved with:
claw toe
hammer toe
mallet toe

A

claw: DIP
hammer: PIP, DIP
mallet: PIP, DIP

32
Q

common locations of tendonitis/osis

A

achilles
peroneals
tib post & ant
FHL

33
Q

causes for this injury:
push w/ WB on forefoot w/ extended knee
sudden DF w/ full WB
violent DF w/ jump/fall from height and landing on PF foot

A

Achilles Tendon Rupture

34
Q

causes for this injury:
prolonged standing/walking
pes cavus/planus
adaptive shortening of heel cord
new fitness program
acute injury

A

plantar fascitis/osis

35
Q

mm to strengthen w/ plantar fascitis (2)

A

FHL
flex digitorum longus

36
Q

pain in forefoot w/ inc. stress over MT head region
-d/t high pressure activity over MT heads w/ abnormal weight distribution or altered biomechanics

A

Metatarsalgia

37
Q

entrapment neuropathy of tibial nerve as it passes through tunnel between flexor retinaculum & medial malleolus
-can involve terminal branches of tibial & med/lat plantar nerve

A

tarsal tunnel syndrome

38
Q

enlargement of interdigital nerve & thickening of surrounding tissues
-discomfort between 3rd/4th MT heads

A

Interdigital Neuroma/Morton’s

39
Q

acute/chronic elevated tissue pressure within closed fascial space which occludes vessels & compromises NM function
lateral, anterior, superficial posterior, deep posterior

A

compartment syndrome

40
Q

5 P’s of compartment syndrome:

A

pain, paralysis, parasthesia, pallor, pulses

41
Q

periosteal irritation along tibia
-inflammation of posterior tib & soleus mm

A

Medial Tibia Stress Syndrome

42
Q

overuse/weakness of anterior tib, EDL or EDB
-poor eccentric control of DF on heel strike

A

Anterior Shin Splints

43
Q

common fx locations

A

tibia
fibula
talus
calcaneus
MTs

44
Q

calcaneal apophysitis (growth plate inflamm)
-apply traction at Achilles insertion
-common with inc. activity w/ children

A

Sever’s Disease

45
Q

bloot clot in LE than can dislodge & travel (embolus)
-pos. Homan’s sign

A

DVT

46
Q

amount of overlapping bone that’s still in contact
-fragments are shifted side/back/forward

A

apposition

47
Q

failed healing of bone:
nonoptimal/unsatisfactory healing of bone:
slowed healing of bone:

A

nonunion
malunion
delayed union

48
Q

variables for bone repair timeline

A

type of bone involved (& how many)
type of fx
state of blood supply (circulation, comorbities)
general health
age

49
Q

fracture tx: distal part of limb is pulled in line of the bone
-fragments repositioned
-not surgical

A

closed reduction

50
Q

fracture tx: operative reduction of fx w/ direct visualization
-surgical

A

open reduction

51
Q

fracture tx: fragments fixed w/ screw/pins/metal plates, combo for stability

A

internal fixation
(ORIF)

52
Q

complications of internal fixation

A

infection
non-union
implant failure: broken pieces, tissue unacceptance
refracture: if removed too soon

53
Q

fracture tx: transfixing screws that pass through skin & bone and attached to external frame
-uses tension to hold alignment

A

external fixation

54
Q

post immobilization PT tx ideas

A

inc. ROM & joint play
inc flexibility
inc. strength/mm endurance
functional activity

55
Q

general foot/ankle rehab

A

inc. WB tolerance
inc. NM control
achieve full WB on even/uneven surfaces
balance/proprio
strength of entire LE
footwear
gait
biomechanics

Therapeutic Exercise (10 decks)

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