Mod 5.2 Pregnancy Flashcards
What are four key nutritional considerations PRE conception?
1) Vitamin D - supps
2) Folic Acid - supps
3) Eating a balanced diet (and exercise)
4) Reducing alcohol consumption
What is a healthy BMI range considered to be?
18.5-24.9
a BMI under what is considered too low pre-pregnancy?
18.5
Women planning pregnancy should take how much folic acid per day for what period?
400 micrograms per day - 2-3 months before conception
What in particular does folic acid assist with?
Reduces risk of neural tube defects
What are 4 benefits to healthy eating during pregnancy?
1) baby health / healthy weight
2) mother health / healthy weight
3) Flavour profile of amniotic fluid - helps increase food acceptance of the baby/child
4) Healthy habits!
What are some risks of being overweight during pregnancy for the mother?
- pre-eclampsia (causes high blood pressure and swelling)
- thrombosis (blood clots)
- GD (gestational diabetes)
- Prem birth
- Longer labour
- Emergency C sec
- Heavy bleeding post birth
What are some risks of being overweight during pregnancy for the baby?
- Miscarriage
- prem birth
- stillbirth
- baby having high birth weight
- obesity and/or diabetes later in life for bubs
What are some risks for the baby if the mother is underweight?
- miscarriage
- preterm birth
- baby having low birth weight
- Gastroschisis (bubs stomach doesn’t develop properly)
What are some risks to the baby if the mother has GD (gestational diabetes)?
- Baby larger than usual (can affect birth)
- Prem bubs
- Pre-eclampsia
- Increase risk of type 2 D in future
During which trimester should calories be increased and by how much?
During the 3rd (last trimester = 27-40 weeks)
200kcal
What are 7 types of foods to be avoided during pregnancy?
- Soft mould-ripened cheeses (listeriosis risk etc)
- Unpasteurised milk and products (listeriosis risk etc)
- Raw or partially cooked eggs (salmonella etc)
- Pate (High Vit A - could poison, increased listeriosis risk)
- Liver products (high vit A - could poison)
- Raw or undercooked meat (increased risk of salmonella etc)
- Game meats (may contain lead shot)
What are 6 risks of alcohol consumption during pregnancy?
- Miscarriage
- Prem birth
- Altered brain development
- Restricted growth
- Stillbirth
- Foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
What are the dosages for folic acid and Vit D during pregnancy and for how long?
Folic acid = 400mg per day for the first 12 weeks
Vit D = 10 micrograms a day throughout pregnancy
How many extra cals are needed per day for breastfeeding mums?
roughly 300kcal per day
