Mod 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Cell

A

Cell: the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms

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2
Q

Compound

A

Compound: a molecule consisting of atoms of two or more different elements

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3
Q

Element

A

Element: a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances; each element is classified by its atomic number

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4
Q

Molecule

A

Molecule: two or more atoms bonded together

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5
Q

Multicellular

A

Multicellular: a living organism made of more than one cell

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6
Q

Organ

A

Organ: part of an organism, made of cells and different tissues, which performs a larger function

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7
Q

Organism

A

Organism: an individual form of life, such as an animal, plant, or single-celled life form

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8
Q

Organ system

A

Organ system: a group of organs that work together and perform one or more major functions

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9
Q

Tissue

A

Tissue: group of specialized cells that work together to perform a specific function

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10
Q

Unicellular

A

Unicellular: a living organism made of one cell

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11
Q

What are the smallest particles of matter?

A

Atoms

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12
Q

What are the 6 major elements found in the human body?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sulfur

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13
Q

Which is an example of a molecule? (4 points)

a. Muscle tissue
b. Protein
c. Stomach
d. Unicellular organism

A

b. Protein

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14
Q

Put the individual level of organization to its correct spot, starting with the most simple and ending with the most complex.

1) tissues
2) organs
3) organ systems
4) molecules
5) cells
6) atom
• 1st
• 2nd

A
  • 1st atom
  • 2nd molecules
  • 3rd cell
  • 4th tissues
  • 5th organs
  • 6th Organ systems
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15
Q

An atom is the most __________ unit of living and nonliving things. (4 points)

a. basic
b. complex
c. interesting
d. sizeable

A

a. basic

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16
Q

Nonliving things have cells. (4 points)

True
False

A

False

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17
Q

Scientific theory

A

Scientific theory: well-supported and widely accepted explanation of the way nature works based on observation and experimentation

18
Q

Replicable

A

Replicable: able to be repeated

19
Q

Microscope

A

Microscope: an instrument that makes small objects look larger

20
Q

Hypothesis

A

Hypothesis: something not proved but assumed to be true for purposes of further study or investigation

21
Q

Cell theory

A

Cell theory: a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things

22
Q

A scientific theory never changes

True or False

A

False

23
Q

Which of the following is an example of a scientific theory?

Predicting a surprise party
Big bang
Universal law of gravitation

A

Big bang

24
Q

What is the difference between theory and hypothesis?

A

A hypothesis is a suggested explanation that must still be tested, a theory is a general explantion based on a lot of evidence and testing

25
Q

What is the difference between theory and law?

A

A law is a statemnt about how things work but does not explain why. It can not change

A theory tries to explain how or why something happens and can be changed with new evidence

26
Q

What are the three parts to Cell Theory

A
  1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
  2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms
  3. All cells come from preexisting cells..
27
Q

Who invented the Compound Microscope?

A

Zacharias Janssen

28
Q

Who were the two scientists who discovered the first 2 parts of cell theory?

A

Matthias Schleidan and Theodor Schwann

29
Q

Who was the third scientist to agree witht he 3rd part to cell theory?

A

Rudolf Virchow (“borrowed” his work from Robert Remak)

30
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Cytoplasm: the thick, watery, clear, gel-like fluid within a living cell, excluding the nucleus

31
Q

Eukaryote

A

Eukaryote: cell that has a nucleus

32
Q

Mitochondria

A

Mitochondria: rod-shaped structures where cellular respiration takes place inside living cells

33
Q

Nucleus

A

Nucleus: a large oval structure that directs all of the cell’s activities; only found in eukaryotes

34
Q

Organelle

A

Organelle: any organized or specialized structure within a living cell

35
Q

Prokaryote

A

Prokaryote: cell that does not have a nucleus

36
Q

Vacuole

A

Vacuole: water-filled sacs inside a living cell that store food, water, nutrients, and waste

37
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Chloroplasts: green structures inside plant cells where photosynthesis takes place

38
Q

Cell wall

A

Cell wall: a rigid layer that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells

39
Q

Cell membrane

A

Cell membrane: the membrane surrounding a cell that allows substances to pass in and out

40
Q

Q: What are the three main differences between plant and animal cells?

A

A: Plant cells have cell walls for extra support. They have chloroplasts for photosynthesis. And they have larger vacuoles to store water.

41
Q

Animal Cells have cell wall

True or false?

A

False

42
Q

Only plant cells have Chloroplasts

True or False

A

True