Mod 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Barrier beaches
A
Barrier beaches: large amounts of sand above sea level that create long, narrow islands as a result of deposition
2
Q
Lake
A
Lake: a natural or human-made body of water surrounded by land
3
Q
Weathering
A
Weathering: process that breaks down rock and other substances
4
Q
Coastline
A
Coastline: the boundary between the land and an ocean or a lake
5
Q
Conduction
A
Conduction: the transfer of heat between objects that are touching
6
Q
Landform region:
A
Landform region: a large area of land made up of one type of landform
7
Q
Sediment
A
Sediment: small particles of rock, sand, soil, and plant and animal remains
8
Q
Delta
A
Delta: a piece of land that is formed when a river splits into smaller rivers before flowing into an ocean
9
Q
Atmosphere
A
Atmosphere: a thin layer of gases that surrounds the Earth
10
Q
Convection
A
Convection: the transfer of heat by movement of particles through a medium, like air or water
11
Q
Physical weathering:
A
Physical weathering: type of weathering where rock is physically broken into smaller pieces
12
Q
Dune
A
Dune: a mound or ridge of sand
13
Q
Coastal plain:
A
Coastal plain: a flat, low-lying piece of land next to the ocean
14
Q
Cirque
A
Cirque: a bowl-shaped hollow landform caused by erosion
15
Q
Biosphere
A
Biosphere: the part of Earth where living things exist
16
Q
Elevation
A
Elevation: the height above a given level, especially sea level
17
Q
Oxidation
A
Oxidation: a chemical reaction involving the loss of electrons
18
Q
Highland
A
Highland: an area of high or hilly land
19
Q
Heat
A
Heat: the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another
20
Q
Relief
A
Relief: the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points of a region
21
Q
Frost wedging
A
Frost wedging: the repeated freezing and thawing of water in rock, causing the rock to crack and break off
22
Q
Glacier
A
Glacier: a large area of thick ice that moves slowly
23
Q
Deflation
A
Deflation: process where wind removes surface particles from the land
24
Q
Plateau
A
Plateau: a raised, flat-surfaced area bound on one or more sides by cliffs or steep slopes
25
Erosion
Erosion: process that moves sediment
26
Plain
Plain: a large area of flat or gently rolling land with low relief
27
Climate change
Climate change: a long-term change in the typical weather pattern of a region, or a change in Earth's overall climate
28
Mountain
Mountain: an area of land that rises very high above the land around it
29
Model
Model: a representation of a simple or complex object or process
30
Fjord
Fjord: a U-shaped valley created when sea levels rise and fill a valley cut by a glacier
31
Deposition
Deposition: process that deposits (lays down) sediment and changes the shape of the land
32
Landforms
Landforms: natural features of the Earth's surface
33
Topography
Topography: the shape and arrangement of natural and artificial areas of a region
34
River
River: a flowing, moving stream of water that feeds into an ocean, a lake, a pond, or another river
35
Chemical weathering
Chemical weathering: type of weathering where rock is broken down through chemical changes
36
Cryosphere
Cryosphere: the frozen water part of Earth
37
Topographic map:
Topographic map: a two-dimensional model that represents geological features like the elevation of an area and its landforms
38
Ridge
Ridge: a long, narrow strip of land
39
Gully
Gully: a groove in the land that carries runoff after a storm
40
Abrasion
Abrasion: wearing away of rock by sand
41
Wetland
Wetland: land consisting of marshes or swamps
42
Meander
Meander: a loop-like bend in a river
43
Geosphere
Geosphere: the solid part of Earth, including rock, minerals, and metals
44
Oxbow lake:
Oxbow lake: a meander that has been cut off from a river
45
Horn
Horn: a pointy-shaped mountain peak created when glaciers carve away the side of a mountain
46
Plucking
Plucking: a process where rocks freeze to the bottom of a glacier and break down the land beneath it
47
Spit
Spit: beach that projects out into the water as a result of deposition
48
Hydrosphere
Hydrosphere: all the water on Earth's surface
49
Sandbars
Sandbars: long ridges of sand that build up off the coastline as a result of deposition
50
Temperature
Temperature: a measure of how hot or cold something is, measured by the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
51
Runoff
Runoff: excess water from rainfall that moves over the land carrying sediment
52
System
System: a group of parts that work together as a whole
53
Radiation
Radiation: the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, like light and radio waves
54
Stream
Stream: a channel that continually moves water downstream
55
How does radiation differ from conduction? (4 points)
:a. Radiation can move through empty space to transfer heat; conduction cannot.
b. Radiation needs a medium in order for heat to transfer; conduction does not.
c. Radiation requires objects to have direct physical contact; conduction does not.
d. Radiation transmits heat by circulating particles in an object; conduction does not.
:a. Radiation can move through empty space to transfer heat; conduction cannot.
56
Question 2
(02.05 LC)
In order for convection to transfer heat, particles need to (4 points)
a. absorb solar and fossil energy
:b. circulate and move within a liquid or gas
c. make contact with the heat source
d. transmit electromagnetic waves
:b. circulate and move within a liquid or gas
57
How does thermal energy transfer when a slice of pizza is warmed in the microwave? (4 points)
a. Air currents cause particles in the pizza to circulate.
b. Direct contact of the pizza with the oven creates heat.
c. Electromagnetic waves transmit heat to the pizza.
d. Movement of particles in the microwave generate heat.
:c. Electromagnetic waves transmit heat to the pizza.
58
What is conduction? (4 points)
a. Transfer of heat through circular movement
b. Transfer of heat through direct physical contact
c. Transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves
d. Transfer of heat through the movement of particles
b. Transfer of heat through direct physical contact
59
Standing near a campfire, you can feel heat. This is an example of (4 points)
a. acceleration
b. conduction
c. convection
d. radiation
d. radiation
60
Which of the following is a groove in the land that carries runoff after a storm? (5 points)
a. Coastline
b. Gully
c. Oxbow lake
d. Stream
b. Gully
61
Which process transfers heat from a hot pavement to a person sitting on it? (5 points)
a. Conduction
b. Convection
c. Evaporation
d. Radiation
a. Conduction
62
What is a plateau? (5 points)
a. A large area of flat or gently rolling land with low relief
b. A raised, flat-surfaced area bound on one or more sides by cliffs or steep slopes
c. A flowing, moving stream of water that feeds into an ocean, a lake, a pond, or another river
d. A piece of land that is formed when a river splits into smaller rivers before flowing into an ocean
b. A raised, flat-surfaced area bound on one or more sides by cliffs or steep slopes
63
What is the similarity between an oxbow lake and a delta? (5 points)
a. They are curved in shape.
b. Both are formed due to erosion by wind.
c. Both are formed by the deposition of sediments.
d. They form when a river reaches a still water body.
c. Both are formed by the deposition of sediments.
64
The steps in the melting of an ice-cream bar kept beside a bonfire are listed below:
Step 1: Heat from the bonfire travels to the ice-cream bar
Step 2: Heat travels from one part of the ice-cream bar to the other parts
Which statement is true? (5 points)
a. Heat is transferred by convection in Step 1 and by radiation in Step 2.
b. Heat is transferred by radiation in Step 1 and by convection in Step 2.
c. Heat is transferred by conduction in Step 1 and by radiation in Step 2.
d. Heat is transferred by radiation in Step 1 and by conduction in Step 2.
d. Heat is transferred by radiation in Step 1 and by conduction in Step 2.
65
Which two of Earth's spheres interact when acid rain damages plant cells? (5 points)
a. Atmosphere and biosphere
b. Biosphere and geosphere
c. Hydrosphere and biosphere
d. Cryosphere and hydrosphere
c. Hydrosphere and biosphere
66
Which landform represents an area of land that rises very high above the land around it? (5 points)
a. Coastline
b. Delta
c. Mountain
d. Plain
c. Mountain
67
Which of the following is an example of the atmosphere interacting with the biosphere? (5 points)
a. Plants obtain minerals and nutrients from the soil.
b. Contaminants in lakes harm water, plants, and fish.
c. Smoke in air causes breathing difficulty in animals.
d. Water in a lake evaporates into the air on a sunny day.
c. Smoke in air causes breathing difficulty in animals.
68
our processes are described below:
Process A: Waves in a river lift rocks which crash down to the river bed and break
Process B: Water in the cracks of rocks freezes and breaks open the rocks
Process C: An organic acid produced by rotting vegetation makes holes in rocks
Process D: Roots of plants push against rocks and make cracks in them
Which process represents chemical weathering? (5 points)
a. Process A
b. Process B
c. Process C
d. Process D
c. Process C
69
What is the name of the solid part of Earth, including rock, minerals, and metals? (5 points)
a. Biosphere
b. Cryosphere
c. Geosphere
d. Hydrosphere
c. Geosphere
70
What is the process that changes the composition of rocks by dissolving them called? (5 points)
a. Erosion
b. Deposition
c. Physical weathering
d. Chemical weathering
d. Chemical weathering
71
The characteristics of two methods of heat transfer are listed below:
Method A: Does not transfer heat through solids and requires a medium for heat transfer
Method B: Requires a material medium and transfers heat from the hot end to the cold end of a solid
Which statement is correct? (5 points)
a. Method A is convection and Method B is radiation.
b. Method A is radiation and Method B is convection.
c. Method A is radiation and Method B is conduction.
d. Method A is convection and Method B is conduction.
d. Method A is convection and Method B is conduction.
72
By which method is heat transferred in a hot-air balloon? (5 points)
a. Conduction
b. Convection
c. Evaporation
d. Radiation
b. Convection
