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PHGY 4 > Mod 4 > Flashcards

Mod 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What the outer layer of the kidney called?

A

the renal cortex

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2
Q

What is the inner layer of the kidney called

A

the medulla

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3
Q

how many nephrons per kidney

A

over 1 million

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4
Q

what is the functional unit of the kidney called

A

nephron

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5
Q

What are the 2 components of nephron - provide basic description

A

vascular component: supplies blood to the nephron

tubular component: carries the filtrate through the nephron

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6
Q

What are the 2 types of nephrons

A
  • cortical nephrons
  • juxtamedullary nephrons
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7
Q

which type of nephron is responsible for: secretory and regulatory functions

A

cortical nephrons = secretory and regulatory functions

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8
Q

which type of nephron is responsible for: concentration and dilution of urine

A

Juxtamedullary nephron = concentration and dilution of urine

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9
Q

What is the flow of blood thru the nephron?

A

Renal artery -> Afferent arteriole -> glomerulus -> peritubular capillaries -> efferent arteriole -> renal vein

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10
Q

What is the Flow of solutes thru the nephron

A

Bowman’s capsule -> Proximal tubule -> loop of Henle -> Distal tubule -> collecting duct -> renal pelvis

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11
Q

When it comes to urine there are 3 processes in the kidney - what are they

A
  • glomerular filtration
  • tubular reabsorption
  • tubular secretions
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12
Q

5 main functions of the kidney??

A
  • maintain water balance in the body
  • maintain body fluid osmolarity
  • regulate ECF solutes
  • maintain proper plasma volume
  • excrete waste of metabolism
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13
Q

What does ECF directly influence?

A

ECF directly influences blood pressure by changing plasma volume

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14
Q

Where is the glomerulus located

A

The glomerulus is a network of capillaries located at the beginning of a nephron

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15
Q

What does the glomerular filtration rate measure

A

Glomerular filtration rate: the rate at which blood is filtered thru all the glomeruli

a measure of overall renal function

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16
Q

What 3 forces regulate glomerular filtration

A
  1. Glomerular capillary blood pressure
  2. Plasma-colloid oncotic pressure
  3. Bowman’s Capsule hydrostatic pressure
17
Q

What type of cells secrete renin

A

granular cells

18
Q

What type of NS innervated the bladder

A

parasympathetic NS

19
Q

With regards to control of ECF volume, describe fluid shifts.

A

The movement of fluid from the interstitial compartment to the plasma

20
Q

*Describe the order for which blood flows through the nephron? *

A

Renal artery, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, renal vein

21
Q

In which section of the nephron is the majority of Na+ reabsorbed?

A

Proximal tubule

22
Q

Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system will have which effect?

A

Increase Na+ reabsorption

23
Q

For substances that are filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted, the plasma clearance is:

A

The glomerular filtration rate

PHGY 4 (3 decks)

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