Mod 4 Flashcards
What the outer layer of the kidney called?
the renal cortex
What is the inner layer of the kidney called
the medulla
how many nephrons per kidney
over 1 million
what is the functional unit of the kidney called
nephron
What are the 2 components of nephron - provide basic description
vascular component: supplies blood to the nephron
tubular component: carries the filtrate through the nephron
What are the 2 types of nephrons
- cortical nephrons
- juxtamedullary nephrons
which type of nephron is responsible for: secretory and regulatory functions
cortical nephrons = secretory and regulatory functions
which type of nephron is responsible for: concentration and dilution of urine
Juxtamedullary nephron = concentration and dilution of urine
What is the flow of blood thru the nephron?
Renal artery -> Afferent arteriole -> glomerulus -> peritubular capillaries -> efferent arteriole -> renal vein
What is the Flow of solutes thru the nephron
Bowman’s capsule -> Proximal tubule -> loop of Henle -> Distal tubule -> collecting duct -> renal pelvis
When it comes to urine there are 3 processes in the kidney - what are they
- glomerular filtration
- tubular reabsorption
- tubular secretions
5 main functions of the kidney??
- maintain water balance in the body
- maintain body fluid osmolarity
- regulate ECF solutes
- maintain proper plasma volume
- excrete waste of metabolism
What does ECF directly influence?
ECF directly influences blood pressure by changing plasma volume
Where is the glomerulus located
The glomerulus is a network of capillaries located at the beginning of a nephron
What does the glomerular filtration rate measure
Glomerular filtration rate: the rate at which blood is filtered thru all the glomeruli
a measure of overall renal function
What 3 forces regulate glomerular filtration
- Glomerular capillary blood pressure
- Plasma-colloid oncotic pressure
- Bowman’s Capsule hydrostatic pressure
What type of cells secrete renin
granular cells
What type of NS innervated the bladder
parasympathetic NS
With regards to control of ECF volume, describe fluid shifts.
The movement of fluid from the interstitial compartment to the plasma
*Describe the order for which blood flows through the nephron? *
Renal artery, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, renal vein
In which section of the nephron is the majority of Na+ reabsorbed?
Proximal tubule
Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system will have which effect?
Increase Na+ reabsorption
For substances that are filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted, the plasma clearance is:
The glomerular filtration rate
