Mod 3 (Chp 11,13,14) Flashcards
A 60-year-old man is found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should:
Select one:
A. withhold CPR until he is defibrillated.
• B. begin CPR until an AED is available.
• C. start CPR and transport immediately.
• D. determine if he has a valid living will.
B
A patient should be placed in the recovery position when he or she:
Select one:
• A. has experienced trauma but is breathing effectively.
• B. has a pulse but is unresponsive and breathing shallowly.
C. is unresponsive, uninjured, and breathing adequately.
D. is semiconscious, injured, and breathing adequately.
C
Complications associated with chest compressions include all of the following,
ЕХСЕРТ:
Select one:
• A. rib fractures.
• B. a fractured sternum.
) C. liver laceration.
D. gastric distention.
D
CPR retraining is the MOST effective when it:
Select one:
• A. is delivered by computer.
• B. is self-paced and brief.
• C. involves hands-on practice.
D. occurs every 24 months.
C
CPR will NOT be effective if the patient is:
Select one:
A. on a firm surface.
• B. supine.
• C. prone.
• D. horizontal.
C
Gastric distention will MOST likely occur:
Select one:
• A. when you deliver minimal tidal volume.
• B. if you ventilate a patient too quickly.
C. in patients who are intubated.
• D. when the airway is completely obstructed.
B
If gastric distention begins to make positive-pressure ventilation difficult, you should:
Select one:
A. insert an oropharyngeal airway.
• B. reposition the patient’s airway
• C. suction the patient’s oropharynx
• D. increase the rate of ventilation.
B
In most cases, cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is caused by:
Select one:
A. a cardiac dysrhythmia.
B. severe chest trauma.
C. a drug overdose.
• D. respiratory arrest.
D
In two-rescuer adult CPR, you should deliver a compression to ventilation ratio of:
Select one:
A. 5:1.
B. 30:2.
C. 5:2.
D. 15:2.
B
Initial treatment to dislodge a severe foreign body airway obstruction in a responsive infant involves:
Select one:
A. abdominal thrusts.
B. blind finger sweeps.
• C. bag-mask ventilation.
• D. back slaps.
D
Most prehospital cardiac arrests in adults occur as the result of:
Select one:
A. a cardiac dysrhythmia.
B. severe blunt trauma.
• C. obstruction of the airway.
• D. an acute ischemic stroke.
A
To ensure that you will deliver the appropriate number of chest compressions during one-rescuer adult CPR, you should compress the patient’s chest at a rate of:
Select one:
• A. at least 120 compressions per minute.
• B. 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
• C. 80 to 100 compressions per minute.
• D. no greater than 100 compressions per minute.
B
What is the correct ratio of compressions to ventilations when performing two-rescuer child CPR?
Select one:
A. 15:2
B. 3:1
C. 5:1
D. 30:2
A
What is the minimum number of chest compressions that should be delivered per minute to a 4-month-old infant?
Select one:
A. 90
B. 100
C. 110
D. 120
B
When assessing the pulse of an unresponsive infant, you should palpate the -
_ artery.
Select one:
A. femoral
B. carotid
• C. radial
• D. brachial
D
When performing chest compressions on an adult, the EMT should compress:
Select one:
A. greater than 2.4 inches
B. at least 1 inch
• C. between 1 inch and 2 inches
• D. at least 2 inches
D
When performing CPR on a child, you should compress the chest:
Select one:
A. to a depth of 1 to 2 inches.
B. with one or two hands.
) C. 80 to 100 times per minute.
• D. until a radial pulse is felt.
B
Which of the following is NOT a BLS intervention?
Select one:
A. Abdominal thrusts
B. Cardiac monitoring
C. Automated defibrillation
D. Chest compressions
B
Which of the following maneuvers should be used to open a patient’s airway when a spinal injury is suspected?
Select one:
A. Jaw-thrust
• B. Head tilt-neck lift
C. Head tilt-chin lift
• D. Tongue-jaw lift
A
Which of the following techniques should you use to dislodge a foreign body airway obstruction in a patient who is in an advanced stage of pregnancy or who is very obese?
Select one:
A. Back slaps
• B. Chest thrusts
) C. Finger sweeps
D. Abdominal thrusts
B
Respiration
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli
Diffusion (Grahams Law) helps the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide because…
The higher partial pressure of the Alveoli (104 mm hg) and the lower partial pressure of the pulmonary capillaries (40 mm hg) surrounding them.
Ventilation without Oxygenation
oxygenation requires that there is an adequate percentage of oxygen in the air to be used for ventilation, so that respiration can take place.
Ventilation without oxygen can occur in confined spaces or in high altitudes.
Atmospheric pressure (Daltons Law):
There is 21% oxygen in the air we breathe. This will affect how we manage our patients breathing if they are transported via helicopter or aircraft. At ground level, a patient will be around 99% Sp02. If they fly over 10,000 ft in the air, the patient will now be about 80% Sp02.
Dal-TONs law: You need a TON of pressure to get good 02
Hypoxia: failure to meet the body’s need for oxygen. Early Signs are:
R: Restlessness
A: Anxiety
T: Tachycardia/pnea
Hypoxia: failure to meet the body’s need for oxygen. Late Signs are:
W: Weakness
A: Altered Mental Status
C: Cyanosis
Pharynx (Throat):
nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
Larynx
Vocal cords (glottis)
Lower Airway
Trachea -> Carina - Bronchi ->
Bronchioles - Alveoli
Right lung vs Left lung
Right lung: 3 lobes
Left lung: 2 lobes
Thoracic Cavity (chest cage)
Intercoastal muscles and Diaphragm facilitate breathing. Phrenic Nerves from 3,4, and 5 cervical makes the diaphragm contract.
*Three, four, five, alive! *
Parietal Pleura vs Visceral Pleura
Parietal Pluera- padding lines the inside of the cavity
Visceral Pleura- vital organs covers the lungs
Mediastinum
Contains the Heart, Great Vessels, Esophagus, Trachea, and major bronchi. Space between the lungs
