mod 3 Flashcards
after an advanced airway device has been inserted during 2- person CPR, you should
deliver 1 rescue breath every 6 seconds
high flow oxygen w/ nasal cannula during pre oxygenation phase of endotracheal intubation is called
apneic oxygenation
gas exchange in lungs is facilitated by
adequate amounts of surfactant
the _____ of a med usually dictates the route by which it will be administered
form
an oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service when pressure inside is less than
500 psi
For which of the following patients is spinal immobilization clearly indicated?
man w/ altered mental status after exposed to blunt force trauma
which is not a condition of shock?
ischemic stroke
severe infection
spinal injury
anaphylaxis
ischemic stroke
structure of airway include all except..
alveoli
bronchioles
trachea
epiglottis
epiglottis
Capnography =
determine how much carbon dioxide is being exhaled
In most cases, cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is caused by:
respiratory arrest
After sizing up the scene of a patient w/ possible infectious disease, next priority is
take standard precautions
CPR is in progress on a pregnant woman. Shortly after manually displacing her uterus to the left, return of spontaneous circulation occurs. Which of the following would most likely explain this?
pressure was relieved from her aorta and vena cava, which improved chest compression effectiveness.
Patient’s BP reading was 204/120mm Hg, you should ..
obtain a manual bp
clinical signs of compensated shock include all of the following except…
absent peripheral pulses
restlessness or anxiety
rapid, shallow breathing
cool and clammy skin
absent peripheral pulses
in an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by
diaphoresis
hypothermia
tachycardia
hypovolemia
hypothermia
Mucosal atomizer device (MAD) delivers medicine thru
intranasal route
The impended threshold device (ITD) may improve circulation during active compression-decompression CPR by:
limiting the amount of air that enters the lungs during the recoil phase between chest compressions which results in negative intrathoracic pressure and improved cardiac filling
An infectious disease is most accurately defined as
a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body
A bp cuff too small will
give falsely high systolic and diastolic reading
A 23 yr old male experiencing severe head trauma after motorcycle accident. He is unconscious, has atonal gasps, has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage airway?
Alternate oropharyngeal suctioning and ventilation. with a bag mask device
Capillary sphincters are
circular muscular walls that regulate blood flow through capillaries
A patient should be placed in recovery position when he or she
is unresponsive, uninjured, and breathing adequately
several attempts to open a trauma patients airway with jaw-thrust maneuver have been unsuccessful. You should…
carefully perform the head tilt -chin lift maneuver
A patients short term memory is most likely intact if they can correctly answer
day and event
a patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and is breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen thru a
nonrebreathing mask
27 yr old male was stabbed with knife in chest before you make physical contact it is MOST important to
follow standard precautions
Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of loss of
plasma
flow rate of 6 L/ min thru nasal cannula percentage
44%
Early signs of viral hepatitis include all of the following EXCEPT
jaundice and abdominal pain
a 70 yr female was discharged from hospital after a hip replacement. She presents tachycardia, restlessness, and bp of 90/64 mm Hg. Skin is moist and hot, She is most likely experiencing
Septic shock
An EMT may administer aspirin to a patient if
authorization from med control is obtained
Cardiogenic shock may result from all of the following except
heart attack
poor contractility
increased preload
increased after load
increased preload
distributive shock occurs when
widespread dilation of the blood vessels cause blood to pool in vascular beds
the diaphragm is innervated by the _____ nerve which allows it to contract
phrenic
Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspects of having a heart attack because it
prevents the aggregation of platelets
A 74 yr old woman complains pf heaviness on chest, nausea, sweating. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. Her bp is 144/88 mm Hg, heart rate is 110 bpm. She took 2 nitroglycerin tablets before your arrival but feels heaviness in chest. You should
Recall that geriatric patients often take multiple meds and that interactions can occur with potentially negative effects
A 59 yr old male presents with severe vomiting and diarrhea of 3 dats duration. He is confused and diaphoretic, and his radial pulses are absent. BP is 76/50, after giving oxygen you should
prepare for immediate transport
A 49 yr old male w/ extensive chest pain and shortness of breath . His meds include nitroglycerin and viagra. his bp is 140/90. After giving Oxygen you should
ask if he took his viagra in the past 24 hrs
a palpable pulse is created by
pressure waves thru the arteries caused by cardiac contraction
What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallow?
air moves primarily in the dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange.
treatment for a mild upper airway obstruction
give oxygen and transfer immediately
Nitroglycerin-
relaxes the walls of coronary arteries
in contrast to viral hepatitis, toxin induced hepatits:
is not a communicable disease
complication with CPR include all of the following except
liver laceration
gastric distention
fractured sternum
rib fracture
gastric distention
Hep B is more virulent than hep C, this means that
it has a greater ability to produce disease
Ex of anti- inflammatory
Aspirin
50 yr. old man returning from Africa has fever, cough, muscle aches. You should suspect
influenza
RAPID EXAM after primary assessment is to
identify less- obvious injuries that require rapid immediate treatment
decrease in bp may state
loss of vascular tone
Determination of whether patient is high or low priority is made after
the primary assessment has been completed
Hypotension in a child with blunt or penetrating trauma is particular significant because
it often indicates the loss of half of his or her blood volume
Emts respond to heroin abuser who is unresponsive. If narcan is given emts should remember
narcan can cause seizures
irregualr respirations w/ increasing rate and depth w/ periods of apnea are called
cheyne- strokes
71 yr old female fell on rug. Is conscious and confused, complains of severe pelvis pain. Respirations are 22 breaths per min heart rate is 120bpm. What should you do?
gently palpate her pelvis
transport in seated position’
place on her left side
treat her for possible shock
treat her for possible shock
40 yr old male crashed motorcycle. Is semi-conscious has snoring respirations, laceration to forearm w/ minimal bleeding. You should:
open airway w jaw thrust maneuver
Assessment of 6 mo. old male, vomiting and diarrhea. Cap refill is 4 secs. You conclude…
systolic bp is normal
skin temp is abnormally cold
respiratory status is adequate
peripheral circulation is decreased
peripheral circulation is decreased
hypoxic drive is influenced by
low blood oxygen levels
neurogenic shock occurs when:
failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation
patients develop a septic shock secondary to ….
failure of blood vessels to adequately dilate
an infection that weakens cardiac contractions
weak vessel tone caused by nervous system damage
poor vessel function and severe volume loss
poor vessel function and severe volume loss
oxygen toxicity-
cellular tissue damage occurs from excessive oxygen levels in the blood
after how many mins w/o oxygen is permanent brain damage possible
4-6 mins
51 yr old female w difficulty breathing, conscious and alert able to speak in complete sentences. Respirations are 22/ min and regular. You should:
administer oxygen thru a nonrebreather mask
separation is an issue with medicine used as
suspension
Nasopharyngeal airway is inserted
with bevel facing the septum if inserted into right nare
properly sized blood pressure cuff:
should be 2/3 length from armpit to crease at elbow
50 yr old patient found unconscious in car. No witness, when gathering med history, Emt should
determine if patient has a med alert bracelet or wallet card
in contrast to assessment of trauma patient, assessment of a med patient is
focused on nature of illness, chief complaint and symptoms
Ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) msismatch occurs when:
a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen
Most indicative of a cardiovascular problem:
Jugular vein distention
