Mod 23- Part 2

Question 1

An effect of Angiotensin II is the ______ of arteriolar smooth muscle, causing MAP to rise

Answer 1

constriction

Question 2

An effect of Angiotensin II is it stimulates the reabsorption of ___

Answer 2

Na+

Question 3

An effect of Angiotensin II is that is stimulates the release of ___ and activates the thirst center

Answer 3

ADH

Question 4

An effect of Angiotensin II is that it constricts ____ arterioles decreasing capillary hydrostatic pressure which increases fluid reabsorption

Answer 4

efferent

Question 5

An effect of Angiotensin II is to cause the glomerular cells to contract ______ the surface area available for filtration

Answer 5

decreasing

Question 6

Another extrinsic control is the _____-_____ mechanisms that triggers for renin to be released by granular cells

Answer 6

Renin

Angiotensin

Question 7

Tubular reabsorption is a ______ transepithelial process

Answer 7

selective

Question 8

What are the two routes of Tubular reabsorption?

Answer 8

Transcellular route

Paracellular route

Question 9

This route of tubular reabsorption is inbetween cells through water movement and absorption where tight junctions are leaky

Answer 9

Paracellular routes

Question 10

This route of tubular reabsorption is through tubual cells

Answer 10

transcellular route

Question 11

Sodium reabsorption , Na+, is the most abundant cation in filtrate, it uses ______ ______ transport out of the tubule cell by Na+-K+ ATPase in the basolateral membrane

Answer 11

primary active

Question 12

How are organic nutrients reabsorbed?

Answer 12

Through secondary active transport

Question 13

This reflects the number of carriers in the renal tubes available

Answer 13

Transport Maximum

Question 14

When the Tm carriers are _______, excess of the substance is secreted

Answer 14

Saturated

Question 15

How is water reaborbed? by what pores?

Answer 15

Osmosis

aquaporins

Question 16

This is the site of most obligatory reabsorption, 65% of water and Na, all nutrients and most ions and small proteins

Answer 16

Proximal Convoluted Tube

Question 17

What performs the second step of obligatory reabsorption water and ions?

Answer 17

Loop of Henle

Question 18

This is known as reabsorption in reverse, it disposes of substances that are bound to plasma proteins, eliminates undesirable substances that have been passively absorbed.

Answer 18

Tubular secretion

Question 19

This is known as the number of solute particles at 1 kg of H2O, reflects the ability to cause osmosis

Answer 19

Osmolality

Question 20

The kidneys maintain osmolality of plasma at ___ mOsm

Answer 20

300

Question 21

This occurs when fluid flows opposite directions in two adjacent segments of the same tube

Answer 21

Countercurrent Mechanism

Question 22

This is when filtrate flow in the loop of Henle

Answer 22

Countercurrent multiplier

Question 23

This is blood flow in the vasa recta

Answer 23

Countercurrent exchanger

Question 24

This countercurrent of the loop of hence is freely permeable to H2O which passes out of filtrate into the interstitial fluid, the osmolality increases

Answer 24

Descending limb

Question 25

This countercurrent of the loop of henle is impermeable to water, it is selective to solutes

Answer 25

Ascending limb

Question 26

The countercurrent exchange of the ___ ____ is to maintain the osmotic gradient, to deliver blood to the tissues and protect the gradient

Answer 26

Vasa Recta