Mod 20- part 1 Flashcards
Respiration involves two systems: _______ & _______
Cardiovascular and Respiratory
What is the main task of the respiratory system?
Supply body with O2
Dispose of CO2
What are the four processes of the respiratory system that work together?
Pulmonary Ventilation
External Respiration
Transport
Internal Respiration
This is also known as breathing, moving air into and out of the lungs, accomplished by the respiratory system
Pulmonary ventilation
This is the exchange of O2 and CO2 between the lungs and blood, accomplished by the respiratory system
External respiration
This is the moving of O2 and CO2 in the blood to the organs and the tissues , this is a function of the cardiovascular system
Transport
This is when there is an exchange of O2 and CO2 between the vessels and the tissues, this is done by the cardiovascular system
Internal Respiration
What are the first three organs of respiration?
Nose
Nasal cavity
Paranasal sinus
What are the second three organs of respiration?
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
What are the last two organs of respiration?
Bronchi and Alveoli
What are the two airways subdivided into?
Conducting zone
Respiration zone
This zone carries the air to the gas exchange sites, it consists of nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi, the last structure is the terminal bronchi
Conducting Zone
This zone is the site of gas exchange, it consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveoli and alveolar
Respiratory Zone
What are the main functions of the nose?
Moisten, filter and heat air
What are the two regions of the nose?
External nose and the Nasal cavity
This is a shallow vertical groove inferior to the apex
Philtrum
These are bounded laterally by the alae
Nostrils
In the nasal cavity, what two bones make up the roof?
Ethmoid and Sphenoid
What bones make up the floor of the nasal cavity?
Hard and soft palates
This is the nasal cavity superior to the nostrils
Vestibule
This mucosa lines the superior nasal cavity and contains smell receptors
Olfactory Mucosa
This mucosa is ciliated and has different secretions that move contaminated things out
Respiratory mucosa
This increases the surface areas of the mucosa and enhance turbulent airflow, helps clean, moisten and warm air
Conchae
These are in certain bones, they lighten the skull and help warm and moisten air
Paranasal Sinuses
This is muscular tube in the back of the nose and mouth that leads down to the larynx and esophagus
Pharynx
What are the three parts of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
Orthopharynx
Laryngopharynx
This is posterior to the nasal cavity
Nasopharynx
This is a passage for food and air
Laryngopharynx
This is posterior to the upright epiglottis
Laryngopharynx
This is passage for air only
Nasopharynx
This is where pharyngotympanic tubes open to the lateral walls
Nasopharynx
This is also called the voice box because it isnt just a passage for air but the major organ for voice production
Larynx
Where does food go down?
Esophogus
Where does air do down?
Trachea
What is the larynx cartilage skeleton mostly made of?
Hyaline Cartilage
What forms the so called “adams apple” in men?
Thyroid Cartilage
This is made of elastic cartilage, its job is to close the entry of the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from getting into the trachea
Epiglottis
These form vocal folds or the true vocal cords
Vocal ligaments
These are often mistaken for vocal cords and are also called false vocal cords
Vestibular folds
This leads from the pharynx down into the mediastinum
Trachea or Windpipe
The bronchi has __ orders of branching and form a structure that resembles an upside down tree
23
There is a left and right side, the left has __ subdivisions and the right has __
2
3
The last part of the conducting zone are the _______ bronchi
Terminal
These are the first part of the respiratory zone
Respiratory bronchials
The Respiratory bronchioles lead to ______ ducts and lead to the ____ which are the sites of gas exchange
Aveolar
Alveoli
The microscopic structure allowing the diffusion of gases is the
respiratory Membrane
What is consisted in the respiratory membrane?
Alveoli and Capillary walls
These allow pressure throughout the lungs to be equalized
Alveolar pores
All external surfaces are covered by visceral layer of ____ membrane called pleura
serous
The lungs receive blood from the ______ and _______ circulation
Pulmonary
Systemic
Pulmomary arteries bring oxygen _____ blood well veins brings oxygen ____
depleted
rich
Most of the venous blood from the lungs ends up in the
Left atrium
