mod 2- collagenous tissues

Question 1

Type 1 and 2 which does tension and which handles pressure

Answer 1

1- tension

2-pressure

Question 2

what fails when you load quick and slow

Answer 2

quick- lig

slow- bone avulsed

Question 3

what 3 factors influence stress imposed on tendons during activity

Answer 3

1. amount of contraction in muscle
2. the size of tendon
3. speed of contraction

Question 4

what will rutpture first muscles or tendons

Answer 4

muscles always first

tensile strength of tendons is 2x

Question 5

tendinotis vs tendonitis

Answer 5

itis- inflamation due to micro tears

otis- chronic overuse of tendon

Question 6

rebah for tendinosis and time

Answer 6

eccentic loads (6-8w)

Question 7

steps of full tendon rupture healing

Answer 7

1. inflammation
2. matrix/cellular proliferation- fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells help synthesize new collagen (6 w)
3. remodelling/maturation- realigning the collagen to original structure (starts in 3rd week)

Question 8

most common insertional tendon injuries

Answer 8

• supraspinatus
• common wrist extensors
• quads

(called enthesiopathy)

Question 9

traits of tendinopathy/enthesiopathy

Answer 9

1. underuse injury
2. joint side (close to bone)
3. compresive changes
4. atrophy changes
5. degenerative changes

Question 10

how muscles attach to bone

Answer 10

epimysium forms the tendons
tendons attach to bone thru sharplys fibres
sharplys are continous with periosteum

Question 11

muscle testing grading

Answer 11

normal- withstand strong resistence
good- moderate resistence
fair- sustain against gravity
poor- complete ROM only when gravity is eliminated
trace- some contractility
zero- no contractility

Question 12

5 factors that determine muscle force

Answer 12

1. velocity of contraction
2. length of muscle
3. passive elastic component
4. electricity from muscle
5. cross sectional area

Question 13

more muscle tension when fast or slow

Answer 13

slow

Question 14

conc or eccentric when do u make most force

Answer 14

1. eccentric (when max 100% contraction)
2. isotmetric (1st when under 100% contraction)
3. concentric

Question 15

what length of muscle do u create most force

Answer 15

in middle

Question 16

when is passive elastic component the highest

Answer 16

when the muscle is stretched longer

Question 17

problems w measuring pennate muscles

Answer 17

• have to measure muscles on angle

- musle fibres overlap

Question 18

pennate muscle gearing- what force does it promote rotation and resist rot

Answer 18

promote- low force
resist- high force

(depends on load)

Question 19

active insuffiency vs passive insufficiency

Answer 19

active- failure to produce force when slack (when flex wrsit and try to grasp)

passive- decreeased ROM when muscles fully streched (trying to bend at hip with hams straight vs bent)