Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Blood- Module 17 > Mod 17 part 2 > Flashcards

Mod 17 part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

White blood cells are also made in the bone marrow, but _______ is more complicated because of the different types.

A

Leukopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chemical messages, such as ________, and so called CSF or _______ stimulate the formation of specific WBCs from the bone marrow

A

Interlukins

Colony Stimulating Factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

An abnormally low WBC count is known as ______ and most of the time is caused by drug therapy

A

Leukopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Uncontrolled leukocyte formation that does not respond to neg. feedback but leads high numbers of immature nonfunctional WBC is called…

A

Leukmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Depending on the leukocyte clone involved, leukima are put into two different categories

A

Myelocytic and Lymphocytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lymphocytic Leukima is further subdivided into immature cell type and one that is more popular in older patients

A

Acute

Chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Platelets are made of small fragments called

A

Megakaryocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the formation of platelets regulated by?

A

Thrombopoietin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

This is the term used for a fast series of reactions for stoppage of bleeding

A

Hemostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the three steps of Hemostasis

A

Vascular Spasm
Platelet Plug
Coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

This is a vasoconstriction of damaged blood vessels (smooth muscle) triggered by injury, chemicals released by platelets or pain reflexes

A

Vascular spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Platelets stick to exposed collagen fibers at the site of a vessel injury

A

Platelet plug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Platelet plug swells and become sticky and release ADP that causes other platelets to do the same, This is an example of what?

A

positive feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What two chemicals further enhance the vascular spasm as well as platelet aggregation?

A

Serotin and Thromboxane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The last step of hemostasis is a set of reactions that leads to a formation of fibrin and a gel-like blood clot

A

Congregation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In the first of three steps, what is formed?

A

Prothombin activator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

After the Prothombin activator is formed, what happens?

A

Prothrombin is converted to thrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When the thrombin is converted, what happens?

A

It catalyzes the joining of fibrin to make fibrin mesh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The first step of coagulation can be started in two ways _____ or ______ or both

A

Intrinsic or Extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

This pathway is triggered by negatively charged surfaces that uses factors present within the blood

A

Intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This pathway is triggered by an exposure to tissue factor that is faster than the other option

A

Extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_____ causes plasma to become gel-like and trap formed elements

A

Fibrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When thrombin activated factor XIII what happens?

A

Crosslinking of fibrin

Strengthening of Clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In a clot reaction _____ and _____ contract within 30-60 mins

A

Actin

Myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
For clot repair, this is the growth factor that stimulates the division of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts to rebuild blood vessel walls
platelet-derived growth factor
26
For clot repair, this is the growth factor that stimulates endothelial cells to multiply and restore the endothelial lining
Vascular endothelial growth factor
27
Fibrinolysis begins within two days, _______ in a clot is converted to plasmin
Plasminogen
28
Plasminogen is converted by what three factors?
tissue plasminogen activator Factor XII Thrombin
29
What three chemicals inactivate thrombin
Antithrombin III, Protein C, Heparin
30
This type of disorder is an undesirable clot formation
Thromboembolic Disorder
31
This is a clot that develops and persists in an unbroken blood vessel
Thrombus
32
This is a thrombus freely floating in the blood stream
Embolus
33
This is impairs the ability of the body to obtain oxygen
Pulmonary embolus
34
This is a clot in the brain and can cause strokes
Cerebral Emboli
35
Thrombus clots can be prevented by this which inhibits thromaxine A2
Asprin
36
This is something that prevents clots and is used clinically for pre and postoperative cardiac care
Heparin
37
This type of clot prevention used for those prone to atrial fibrilation
Warfarin
38
This is when widespread clotting blocks intact blood vessels
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
39
These are abnormalities that prevent normal clot formation
Bleeding disorders
40
This is a bleeding disorder that has a deficient number of circulating platelets
Thrombocytopenia
41
This is a bleeding disorder that is due to spontaneous widespread hemorrhage
Petechiae
42
This disorder includes vitamin K deficiency, hepatitis and cirrhosis
Impaired Liver function
43
These include several hereditary bleeding disorders
Hemophilias
44
This is the most common type of hemophilia that is due to a deficiency of factor VIII
Hemophilia A
45
This hemophilia is due to the deficiency of factor IX
Hemophilia B
46
This is a mild type of hemophilia that is deficient of factor XI
Hemophilia C
47
A symptom of hemophilia is when there is prolonged bleeding especially in ________ ______
Joint Cavities
48
How is hemophilia treated?
With plasma transfusions and injections of the missing factor
49
RBC membranes bear __ types of glycoprotein antigens.
30
50
RBC antigens are perceived as foreign if the blood is _________
Mismatched
51
Presence or absence of each antigen is used to classify
Blood groups
52
Substances that can mobilize the adaptive defenses and provoke an immune response such as formation of antibodies
Antigens
53
Antigens of the __ and ___ blood groups cause vigorous transfusion reactions
ABO and Rh
54
Other blood groups that are usually weak agglutinogens are
MNS Duffy Kell Lewis
55
What are the ABO blood groups?
A, B, AB, O
56
What are the different blood groups based on?
presence and absence of A and B agglutinogens
57
Blood may contain ____ or ____ antibodies that act against transfused RBCs with ABO antigens not normally present
Anti A | Anti B
58
What antigens would a person with blood type AB have?
Anti A and B
59
What about a person with blood type A? what antigens would they have?
Anti A
60
What antigens with a person with O blood would have?
None
61
There are 45 different Rh factors, which are the most common?
C, D and E
62
What does Rh+ indicate the presence of?
Agglutinogen D
63
This is a homeostatic imbalance when a Rh- mother becomes sensitized to blood that is Rh+, a second exposure can cause attack of RBC in baby
Erythroblastosis fetalis | or Hemolytic disease of the newborn
64
What is the serum called that is given to the Rh- mother so her body does not attack her second Rh+ baby?
RhoGAM | contains anti-Rh prevents mother from being sensitized
65
What is included in a transfusion bag?
Packed RBCs no Plasma
66
Transfusion reactions result in diminished oxygen-carrying capacity and the hemoglobin in ____ and ____ fail
Kidneys and renal
67
Reactions of serum of anto A and anti B show that that blood type
is present
68
What blood type would who both spots reacted
AB
69
What blood type would show only B reacted?
B
70
What would blood type O show if it would have been tested for blood typing?
No Change

Blood- Module 17 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions