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N7515 > Mod 1 WCC, Developmental Stages, Immunizations > Flashcards

Mod 1 WCC, Developmental Stages, Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

What is bright futures?

A

“A set of principles, strategies, and tools that are theory-based, evidence-driven, and systems oriented that can be used to improve the health and well being of all children through culturally appropriate interventions that address their current and emerging health promotion needs at the family, clinical, community, health system, and policy levels”

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2
Q

8 principles of growth and development

A
  1. orderly and sequential
  2. pacing varies between children
  3. occurs in cephalocaudal and proximodistal direction
  4. increasingly integrates
  5. developmental abilities increasingly organize and differentiate
  6. internal and external environment affect growth and development
  7. certain periods are critical
  8. continual process, often without smooth transitions
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3
Q

purpose of well child care

A
  • enhance optimal physical, intellectual, emotional, and social growth of child
  • direct families towards responsible parenting
  • provide direct services to families via caring relationship
  • use anticipatory guidance to assist adjustment based on dev. stages
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4
Q

AAP recommended schedule for WCCs

A 
1-2 weeks
2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 months 
annually age 2-6 years 
biannually age 6-10 years (some  systems recommend annually) 
annually age 11-21 (adolescence)
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5
Q

components of well child check

A
  • health history
  • physical assessment
  • developmental and behavioral assessments
  • anticipatory guidance and health education
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6
Q

describe anticipatory guidance

A
  • process of patient teaching which involves a cooperative discussion with family about issues of concern
  • based on developmental stage
  • education about what to expect between now and next WCC
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7
Q

2 month social/emotional milestones (4)

A
  • calms down when spoken to or picked up
  • looks at your face
  • seems happy to see you when you walk up to them
  • smiles when you talk to or smile at them
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8
Q

2 month language/communication milestones (2)

A
  • makes sounds other than crying

- reacts to loud noises

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9
Q

2 month cognitive milestones (2)

A
  • watches you as you move

- looks at a toy for several seconds

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10
Q

2 month movement/physical development milestones (3)

A
  • holds head up when on tummy
  • moves both arms and legs
  • opens hands briefly
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11
Q

4 month social/emotional milestones (3)

A
  • smiles on own to get your attention
  • chuckles (not yet full laugh) when you try to make them laugh
  • looks at you, moves, or makes sounds to get or keep your attention
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12
Q

4 month language/communication milestones (3)

A
  • makes sounds like ‘ooo’ and ‘ahh’ (cooing)
  • makes sounds back when you talk to them
  • turns head towards the sound of your voice
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13
Q

4 month cognitive milestones (2)

A
  • if hungry, opens mouth when sees breast or bottle

- looks at their hands with interest

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14
Q

4 month movement/physical development milestones (5)

A
  • holds head study without support when you are holding them
  • holds a toy when you put it in their hand
  • uses arm to swing at toys
  • brings hands to mouth
  • pushes up onto elbows/forearms when on tummy
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15
Q

6 month social/emotional milestones (3)

A
  • knows familiar people
  • likes to look at self in mirror
  • laughs
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16
Q

6 month language/communication milestones (3)

A
  • takes turns making sounds with you
  • blows ‘raspberries’
  • makes squealing noises
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17
Q

6 month cognitive milestones (3)

A
  • puts things in mouth to explore them
  • reaches to grab toy they want
  • closes lips to show they don’t want more food
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18
Q

6 month movement/physical development milestones (3)

A
  • rolls from tummy to back
  • pushes up with straight arms when on tummy
  • leans on hands to support self when sitting
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19
Q

9 month social/emotional milestones (5)

A
  • shy, clingy, fearful around strangers
  • shows several facial expressions like happy, sad, angry, surprised
  • looks when you call name
  • reacts when you leave (looks, reaches for you, cries)
  • smiles or laughs when playing peek-a-boo
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20
Q

9 month language/communication milestones (2)

A
  • makes different sounds like ‘mamamama’ and ‘bababa’

- lifts up arms to be picked up

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21
Q

9 month cognitive milestones (2)

A
  • looks for objects when dropped out of sight (like spoon or toy)
  • bangs two things together
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22
Q

9 month movement/physical development milestones (4)

A
  • gets to a sitting position by self
  • moves things from one hand to other hand
  • uses fingers to ‘rake’ food toward self
  • sits without support
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23
Q

12 month social/emotional milestones (1)

A

-plays games like pat-a-cake

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24
Q

12 month language/communication milestones (3)

A
  • waves ‘bye bye’
  • calls parent ‘mama’ or dada’ or another special name
  • understands ‘no’ (pauses briefly and stops when you say it)
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25
Q

12 month cognitive milestones (2)

A
  • puts something in container, like block in a cup

- looks for things he sees you hide, like toy under a blanket

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26
Q

12 month movement/physical development milestones (4)

A
  • pulls up to stand
  • walks, holding onto furniture
  • drinks from cup without a lid as you hold it
  • picks up things between thumb and pointer finger, like small bits of food
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27
Q

15 month social/emotional milestones (5)

A
  • copies other children when playing, like taking toys out of container when another child does
  • shows you object they like
  • claps when excited
  • hugs stuffed doll or other toy
  • shows you affection (hugs, cuddles, kisses)
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28
Q

15 month language/communication milestones (4)

A
  • tries to say one or two words besides ‘mama/dada’ like ‘ba’ for ball or ‘da’ for dog
  • looks at familiar object when you name it
  • follows directions given with both a gesture and words - ex: gives you toy when you hold out hand and say ‘give me the toy’
  • points to ask for something or to get help
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29
Q

15 month cognitive milestones (2)

A
  • tries to use things the right way, like phone or book

- stacks at least two small objects, like blocks

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30
Q

15 month movement/physical development milestones (2)

A
  • takes a few steps on own

- uses fingers to feed self some food

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31
Q

18 month social/emotional milestones (5)

A
  • moves away from you, but looks to make sure you are close by
  • points to show you something interesting
  • puts hands out for you to wash them
  • looks at a few pages in a book with you
  • helps you dress them by pushing arms through sleeve or lifting up foot
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32
Q

18 month language/communication milestones (2)

A
  • tries to say three or more words besides ‘mama’ or ‘dada’

- follows one-step directions without any gestures, like giving you toy when you just say ‘give it to me’

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33
Q

18 month cognitive milestones (2)

A
  • copies you doing chores, like sweeping with a broom

- plays with toys in a simple way, like pushing a toy car

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34
Q

18 month movement/physical development milestones (6)

A
  • walks without holding on to anyone/anything
  • scribbles
  • drinks from cup without lid, may spill sometimes
  • feeds self with fingers
  • tries to use spoon
  • climbs on and off couch/chair without help
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35
Q

2 years social/emotional milestones (2)

A
  • notices when others are hurt or upset, like pausing or looking sad when someone is crying
  • looks at your face to see how to react in new situation
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36
Q

2 years language/communication milestones (4)

A
  • points to things in book when you ask, like ‘where is the bear?’
  • says at least two words together (ex: ‘more milk’)
  • points to at least two body parts when you ask him to show you
  • uses more gestures than just waving and pointing, like blowing kiss or nodding yes
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37
Q

2 years cognitive milestones (3)

A
  • holds something in one hand while using other hand; ex: holding container and taking lid off
  • tries to use switches, knobs, or buttons on toy
  • plays with more than one toy at a time like putting toy food on toy plate
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38
Q

2 years movement/physical milestones (4)

A
  • kicks ball
  • runs
  • walks up a few stairs with or without help
  • eats with a spoon
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39
Q

2.5 years social/emotional milestones (3)

A
  • plays next to other children and sometimes plays with them
  • shows you what they can do by saying ‘look at me’
  • follows simple routines when told, like helping pick up toys when you say ‘its time to clean up’
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40
Q

2.5 years language/communication milestones (4)

A
  • says about 50 words
  • says two or more words, with one action word, like ‘doggies run’
  • names things in book when you point and ask what something is
  • says words like ‘I’ ‘me’ or ‘we’
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41
Q

2.5 years cognitive milestones (4)

A
  • uses things to pretend, like feeding block to doll as if it was food
  • shows simple problem-solving skills like standing on small stool to reach for something
  • follows two step instruction like ‘put the toy away and close the door’
  • shows he knows at least one color, like points to red crayon when asked which one is red
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42
Q

2.5 years movement/physical development milestones (4)

A
  • uses hands to twist things, like turning doorknob
  • takes some clothes off by himself, like loose pants
  • jumps off the ground with both feet
  • turns book pages, one at a time, when you read to her
43
Q

3 years social/emotional milestones (2)

A
  • calms down within ten minutes after you leave her, like at childcare drop off
  • notices other children and joins them to play
44
Q

3 year language/communication milestones (5)

A
  • talks with you in conversation using at least two back and forth exchanges
  • asks ‘who’ ‘what’ ‘where’ ‘why’ questions
  • says what action is happening in a picture or book when asked
  • says first name, when asked
  • talks well enough for others to understand most of the time
45
Q

3 month cognitive milestones (2)

A
  • draws a circle when you show them how

- avoids touching hot objects like stove, when you warn them

46
Q

3 years movement/physical development milestones (3)

A
  • strings items together like large beads
  • puts on some clothes by themself like loose pants or jacket
  • uses a fork
47
Q

4 years social/emotional milestones (6)

A
  • pretends to be something else during play (ex: teacher)
  • asks to go play with children - ex: can I go play with Alex
  • comforts others who are sad/hurt, like hugging them
  • avoids danger, like not jumping from tall heights
  • likes to be a ‘helper’
  • changes behavior based on where they are (ex: playground, library)
48
Q

4 years language/communication milestones (4)

A
  • says sentences with four or more words
  • says some words from a song, story, or nursery rhyme
  • talks about at least one thing that happened during day (Ex: I played soccer)
  • answers simple questions like ‘what is a coat for?’
49
Q

4 years cognitive milestones (3)

A
  • names a few colors of items
  • tells what comes next in a well-known story
  • draws a person with three or more body parts
50
Q

4 years movement/physical development milestones (4)

A
  • catches large ball
  • serves self food or pours water with adult supervision
  • unbuttons some buttons
  • holds crayon or pencil between fingers and thumb (not a fist)
51
Q

5 years social/emotional milestones (3)

A
  • follows rules or takes turns when playing games
  • sings, dances, acts for you
  • does simple chores at home, like matching socks or clearing the table after eating
52
Q

5 years language/communication milestones (4)

A
  • tells a story they heard or made up with at least two events
  • answers simple questions about a book or story after you read it or tell it to them
  • keeps conversation going with more than 3 back and forth exchanges
  • uses or recognizes simple rhymes (cat bat, ball tall)
53
Q

5 years cognitive milestones (6)

A
  • counts to ten
  • names some numbers between 1 and 5 when you point to them
  • uses words about time like ‘tomorrow’ or ‘morning’
  • pays attention for 5-10 min during activities (ex: story time, art)
  • writes some letters in name
  • names some letters when you point to them
54
Q

Erikson: trust vs mistrust

A
  • birth to 18 months
  • children develop sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care, affection –> a lack of this will lead to mistrust
55
Q

Erikson: autonomy vs. shame & doubt

A
  • age 2-3 years
  • children need to develop sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence
  • success = feelings of autonomy, fail = feeling shame/doubt
56
Q

Erikson: initiative vs guilt

A
  • age 3-5 (preschool)
  • children need to begin asserting control and power over environment
  • success = sense or purpose
  • children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval –> guilt
57
Q

Erikson: industry vs inferiority

A
  • age 6-11 (school age)
  • children need to cope with new social and academic demands
  • success = sense of competence, fail = feeling inferior
58
Q

Erikson: identity vs role confusion

A
  • age 12-18 years (adolescence)
  • teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity
  • success = ability to stay true to self, fail = role confusion and weak sense of self
59
Q

Erikson: intimacy vs isolation

A
  • 19-40 years (young adulthood)

- young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with others

60
Q

Erikson: generatively vs stagnation

A
  • 40-65 years (middle adulthood)

- adults need to create/nurture things that will outlast them (ex: children, positive change)

61
Q

Erikson: ego integrity vs despair

A
  • 65+ age group

- older adults need to look back on life and feel sense of fulfillment

62
Q

Piaget: sensorimotor stage

A
  • birth to 2 years
  • experiencing world through senses and actions (looking, feeling, touching, mouthing)
  • developmental phenomena: object permanence, stranger anxiety
63
Q

Piaget: pre operational stage

A
  • 2-6 years
  • representing things with words and images but lacking logical reasoning
  • developmental phenomena: pretend play, egocentrism, language development
64
Q

Piaget: concrete operational stage

A
  • 7-11 years old
  • thinking logically about concrete events; grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetical operations
  • developmental phenomena: math, conservation
65
Q

Piaget: formal operational stage

A
  • 12-adulthood
  • abstract reasoning
  • developmental phenomena: abstract logic, potential for moral reasoning
66
Q

Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development

A
  1. sensorimotor
  2. pre operational
  3. concrete operational
  4. formal operational
67
Q

Erikson’s 8 stages of development

A
  1. trust vs mistrust
  2. autonomy vs shame and doubt
  3. initiative vs guilt
  4. industry vs inferiority
  5. identity vs role confusion
    6 intimacy vs isolation
  6. generatively vs stagnation
  7. ego integrity vs dispair
68
Q

gross motor: newborn to 1 week

A
  • reflexively moves arms and legs

- turns head to side when on stomach

69
Q

fine motor: newborn to 1 week

A
  • holds fingers closed

- grasps reflexively

70
Q

gross motor: 1 month

A

holds chin up in prone

71
Q

fine motor: 1 month

A

holds fingers more open at rest

72
Q

gross motor: 2 months

A

-lifts head and chest in prone

73
Q

fine motor: 2 months

A

opens and shuts hands

74
Q

gross motor: 4 months

A
  • rolls over prone to supine

- supports on elbows and wrists in prone

75
Q

fine motor: 4 months

A
  • keeps hands unfisted
  • plays with fingers in midline
  • grasps objects
76
Q

gross motor: 6 months

A
  • rolls over supine to prone

- sits briefly without support

77
Q

fine motor: 6 months

A
  • reaches for objects and transfers
  • rakes small object with 4 fingers
  • bangs small object on surface
78
Q

gross motor: 9 months

A
  • sits well without support
  • pulls to stand
  • transitions well between sitting and lying
  • balances hands on knees
  • crawls
79
Q

fine motor: 9 months

A
  • picks up small object with 3 fingers and thumb
  • releases objects intentionally
  • bangs objects together
80
Q

gross motor: 12 months

A
  • takes first independent steps

- stands without support

81
Q

fine motor: 12 months

A
  • drops object in a cup

- picks up small object with 2 finger pincer grasp

82
Q

Hep B vaccination schedule (CDC)

A

dose 1: birth
dose 2: between 1-2 months
dose 3: between 6-18 months

83
Q

rotavirus vaccination schedule (CDC)

A
  • dose 1: 2 months
  • dose 2: 4 months

-dose 3 (if RotaTeq): 6 months

84
Q

DTaP vaccination schedule (CDC)

A
  • dose 1: 2 months
  • dose 2: 4 months
  • dose 3: 6 months
  • dose 4: 15-18 months
  • dose 5: 4-6 years
85
Q

Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) vaccination schedule (CDC)

A
  • dose 1: 2 months
  • dose 2: 4 moths
  • dose 3: 6 months (if receiving 4 dose series - Hiberix)
  • dose 4: 12-18 months
86
Q

pneumococcal (PCV13) vaccination schedule (CDC)

A

-dose 1: 2 moths
-dose 2: 4 moths
-dose 3: 6 months
dose 4: between 12-15 months

87
Q

inactivated poliovirus (IPV) vaccination schedule (CDC)

A
  • dose 1: 2 months
  • dose 2: 4 months
  • dose 3: between 6-18 months
  • dose 4: between 4-6 years
88
Q

MMR vaccination schedule (CDC)

A
  • dose 1: between 12 months and 15 months

- dose 2: between 4-6 years

89
Q

varicella vaccination schedule (CDC)

A
  • dose 1: between 12-15 months

- dose 2: between 4-6 years

90
Q

Hep A vaccination schedule (CDC)

A

-between 12-23 months - 2 dose series with minimum interval of 6 months

91
Q

Tdap (>7 years) vaccination schedule (CDC)

A

-1 dose between 11-12 years

92
Q

vaccines contraindicated during pregnancy

A
  • Influenza (LAIV4)
  • MMR
  • Varicella
  • HPV

*administer after pregnancy

93
Q

2 month vaccines

A
  • 1st dose rotavirus
  • 1st dose DTaP
  • 1st dose Hib
  • 1st dose PCV13
  • 1st dose inactivated polio
  • 2nd dose Hep B
94
Q

4 month vaccinations

A
  • 2nd dose: rotavirus
  • 2nd dose: Hib
  • 2nd dose: DTaP
  • 2nd dose PCV13
  • 2nd dose: inactivated polio
95
Q

6 month vaccinations

A
  • 3rd dose hep b (between 6-18 months)
  • 3rd dose rotavirus (if getting 3 dose series)
  • 3rd dose DTaP
  • 3rd dose Hib (if getting 4 dose series)
  • 3rd dose PCV13
  • 3rd dose inactivated polio (3rd dose between 6-18 months)
96
Q

12 month vaccines

A
  • 3rd dose hep b (between 6-18 months)
  • 3rd or 4th Hib (depending on series)
  • 4th dose: PCV13 (between 12-15 months)
  • 3rd dose: polio (between 6-18 months)
  • 1st dose: MMR
  • 1st dose: varicella
  • Hep A (2 dose series between 12-23 months)
97
Q

inactivated vaccines (8)

A
  • DTaP
  • IPV (polio)
  • Hiv
  • Hep A
  • Hep B
  • HPV
  • Meningococcus
  • Pneumococcus
98
Q

inactivated vaccine common side effects

A
  • mild/mod fever
  • local swelling, pain, erythema usually within 24-72 hours
  • HA/irritability (meningococcal)
99
Q

DTaP vs Tdap age ranges administered

A

DTaP - used for children younger than 7 years

Tdap - used for 7+

100
Q

age range for HPV vaccine

A

9-16 years all males and females

101
Q

contraindications for LAIV4 (live attenuated influenza) nasal spray

A
  • pregnancy
  • immunocompromised
  • HIV
  • 2-4 years with asthma/history of wheezing in past 12 months
  • CSF leak
  • cochlear implant
  • no spleen /non-functioning spleen
102
Q

contraindications for varicella and MMR vaccines (same for both)

A
  • pregnancy
  • immunocompromised
  • HIV with CD4 count less than 200/mm3
103
Q

vaccines contraindicated during pregnancy

A
  • HPV
  • MMR
  • Varicella
  • LAIV4 influenza

N7515 (4 decks)

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