Mod 1: intro

Question 1

Physical activity in the early years is linked to 4 things:

Answer 1

1. Physical development: improved muscle strength, coordination, and motor skills development
2. Cognitive development: attention, memory, problem solving skills
3. Social and Emotional Development: cooperation, sharing, and turn-taking. emotional regulation, reduced levels of stress and anxiety in preschoolers.
4. Long-term Health: sets the foundation for a lifelong habit of fitness, reducing the risk of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease

Question 2

What are the 3 stages of the motor learning theory?

(Stages of Motor Skills Development)

• what are the implications of this for teaching

Answer 2

1. Initial stage: Children learn the basics of new movements.
2. Elementary stage: Movements become more coordinated.
3. Mature stage: Movements are refined and efficient

implications for Teaching: * Activities should be age-appropriate and gradually increase in complexity

Question 3

What are the key features of Piaget’s Preoperational Stage (Ages 2–7)?

Answer 3

• Children learn through pretend play.
• Struggle with logical reasoning and understanding others’ perspectives.
• Benefit from activities that combine physical actions with imaginative play.

Question 4

What are the key principles of Vygotsky’s Social Development Theory?

Answer 4

• Social Interaction: Learning is enhanced through activities that promote collaboration, language development, and understanding social norms.
• Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD): The gap between what a child can do independently and what they can do with guidance.
• Activities should be challenging but achievable with support.

Question 5

How does physical activity influence brain development and academic performance in young children?

Answer 5

structured physical activity enhances executive function and brain health in preschoolers.

• Academic Performance: regular physical activity positively impacts academic performance, even in early childhood.

Question 6

Definition of physical literacy:

Answer 6

“Physical literacy is the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge and understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life”.

• the development of fundamental movement skills and fundamental sport skills that permit a child to move confidently and with control, in a wide range of physical activity, rhythmic (dance) and sport situations. Physical literacy also includes the ability to ‘read’ what is going on around them in an activity setting and react appropriately to those events”

Question 7

physical literacy simple definition

Answer 7

PL is the motivation, physical competence, and confidence to be active for life

Question 8

What is physical literacy, and why is it important?

Answer 8

• Definition: Physical literacy is the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding to value and take responsibility for lifelong physical activity.
• Key Traits:
  
  • Confidence and competence in multiple physical activity environments.
  • Fundamental movement and sport skills for controlled, confident movement.
  • Ability to “read” and respond to a physical activity setting.
• Benefits:
  
  • Provides tools for lifelong participation in physical activity and sport.
  • Establishes a foundation for a **healthy, active life*

Question 9

What are the 3 key components of Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS)?

Answer 9

1. Stability/Balance: Maintaining equilibrium to keep the body steady.
2. Locomotor Skills: Ways the body moves across an area (e.g., running, skipping, hopping).
3. Object Manipulation: Controlling an object, either with or without an implement (e.g., hockey stick for a puck, feet for a soccer ball).
   - FMS development enables children to combine and apply these skills to games and sports.

Question 10

How do Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) support children’s development in sports and games?

Answer 10

• FMS serve as the foundation for more complex physical skills.
• Mastery of balance, locomotion, and object manipulation allows children to confidently participate in organized activities like sports and games.
• Example: Combining running, balance, and object control to play hockey or soccer.

Question 11

Front:
How can we promote physical literacy in early years?

Answer 11

• Recognize that physical literacy starts with building blocks, not full development.(PL IS NOT developed in early yrs, they just start developing building blocks for movement)
• Provide opportunities to explore a variety of movement skills, including FMS.
• Create environments that encourage exploration and practice of movement skills

Question 12

What are the key points about Early Childhood Development (ECD)?

Answer 12

• Why ECD Matters:
  
  • Birth to age three is critical for:
    
    • Building the foundation for future learning, behavior, and health.
    • Supporting strong communities and effective parenting.
• Key Concepts:
  
  • Brain Development:
    
    • Early experiences, relationships, and environments shape brain circuits.
    • Toxic stress can harm brain development.
  • Resilience:
    
    • Adapting and thriving despite challenges is essential for success.
• Importance of ECD:
  
  • Early years (birth to five) are crucial for:
    
    • Educational success, lifelong health, and productivity.
  • Investments in ECD build a sustainable and healthy society.
• Practical Applications:
  
  • Support positive early experiences and address toxic stress.
  • Focus on:
    
    1. Strengthening relationships and caregiving.
    2. Building caregiver skills.
    3. Reducing stress for families.

Question 13

What are the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for children (0-4 years)?

Answer 13

For Preschoolers (3-4 years):
- Move: 180+ minutes of activity per day, including 60+ minutes of energetic play.
- Sleep: 10-13 hours per day with consistent sleep routines.
- Sit: Avoid being restrained for over 1 hour; limit screen time to ≤1 hour per day; encourage reading and play.