MOD 1 Flashcards
what is criminology
the scientific approach to the study of behaviour and knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon
what is the objective of crime
the development of crime to define law within lawfully behavioural acts and the methods to control such behaviour
what ways can we define crime
social reactions, the process of breaking and making laws and the development of principles when following or making such laws
what can be considered society’s reaction to crime
punishment, update laws, imprison
what methods do criminologists use (examples)
social science inquired about methods
hypothesized, researched, gather data, and evaluated by doing studies
difference between criminologists and criminal justice
criminologists study the origin and nature of crime in society. they’re aware of how agencies operate
criminal justice describes the work of police courts and facilities and how to better design crime control. they find ways to understand of nature in crime by using rehabilitation for example
what is crime
a violation that holds rules within power through others behaviours
what are the conceptions of law
mala in se (evil in)
mala in prohibitum
what is mala in se
violations are evil within itself big offences that are rooted within values such as sexual assault or murder
what is mala in prohibitum
it is offences made based on the opinion of values that are not totally moral standards but its coded as wrong such as building a house without a license, hunting, trespassing,
what are the three perspectives of law
consensus
conflict
interactionist
what is the consensus pov
crimes are offensive to everyone, general agreement = laws should be forced
what is the conflict pov
controlled by wealth, power and position which certain groups find wrong such as violation of human rights, pollution
what is the interactionist pov
the law is a living document to which people act according to their own interpretations. criminals are criminals because society defines them that way, meaning these criminals are not evil, for example, seeing videos of people lashing out at others. crime has no meaning until a social reaction says so.
what are the types of laws
criminal
civil
what is a criminal law
It is a law that the state can protect others and promote punishment or imprisonment.
such as sexual assult
what is the civil law
it’s a personal law issue such as property law municipal laws within damaging property for example, or having an expired license
how can someone be held civilly and criminally liable for one action
if someone punches another person, they’re faced with an assault offence and may get sued from the other person
what are the three criminal offences
indictable
conviction
hybrid
what are indictable offences
they’re the serious laws committed ( such as murder) have up to life sentence through only a trial of judge or jury and can be pursued at anytime by poilce
what are convictions
they’re the least serious offences that may be uncommon in provincial areas such as speeding tickets or race driving, they can be a 6 month of imprisonment or a charge of a maximum of 2k
what is a hybrid offence
