mod 1 Flashcards
- The key anatomic landmark that separates the upper respiratory tract from the lower respiratory tract is the
- carina
- A patient asks, “How does air get into my lungs?” The nurse bases her answer on knowledge that air moves into the lungs because of
d. a decrease in intrathoracic pressure from an increase in thoracic cavity size.
- The nurse can best determine adequate arterial oxygenation of the blood by assessing
c. arterial oxygen partial pressure.
- Defense mechanisms that help protect the lung from inhaled particles and microorganisms include the (select all that apply)
a. cough reflex.
b. mucociliary escalator.
c. alveolar macrophages.
d. reflex bronchoconstriction.
- A student nurse asks the RN what can be measured by arterial blood gas (ABG). The RN tells the student that the ABG can measure (select all that apply)
a. acid-base balance.
b. oxygenation status.
c. acidity of the blood.
d. bicarbonate (HCO3–).
- To detect early signs or symptoms of inadequate oxygenation, the nurse would examine the patient for
b. apprehension and restlessness.
- During the respiratory assessment of an older adult, the nurse would expect to find (select all that apply)
c. increased residual volume.
d. decreased lung sounds at base of lungs.
e. increased anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter.
- When assessing subjective data related to the respiratory health of a patient with emphysema, the nurse asks about (select all that apply)
b. dyspnea during rest or exercise.
c. pulmonary function test results.
e. prescription and over-the-counter medication.
- When auscultating the chest of an older patient in mild respiratory distress, it is best to
b. begin listening at the lung bases.
- Which respiratory assessment finding does the nurse interpret as abnormal?
d. Bronchial breath sounds in the lower lung fields
- The nurse is preparing the patient for a diagnostic procedure to remove pleural fluid for analysis. The nurse would prepare the patient for which test?
a. Thoracentesis
which diagnostic test measures efficiency gas transer in lungs and tissue oxygenation
arterial blood gases
nose primary function
filter small particles from entering lower airway
interconnected structure allows movement aire btw alveoli
pores of kohn
decreased tactile fremitus would indicate pt may be experiencing which condition?
pleural effusion
decreased vibrations felt when pt talks
older adult may experience which age-related change resp system defense mechanism
decreased cilia function
decreased cell-mediated immunity
**look for defense mechanism answers only
may cause pleural effusion?
blockage lymphatic drainage
imbalance btw intravascular and oncotic fluid pressure
which condition associated with wheezing?
COPD
fine crackles- atelectasis
diminished - pleural effusion
fine/coarse crackles - pulmonary edema
questions for pt’s sleep/rest pattern related to respiratory health?
trouble falling asleep?
awaken abruptly?
sleep with head elevated?
which med may be prescribed for pt presents with fever, muscle aches, cough, sore throat, purulent sputum, and pos rapid flu test?
zanamivir - neuraminidase inhibitor acts by preventing budding and spreading virus to adjacent cells
which anticholenergic nasal spray prescribed for pt w/nonallergic rhinitis?
ipratropium bromide
coritcosteroid for pt diagnosed with sinusitis
flunisolide
triamcinolone
fluticasone mometasone
septal deviation manifestations
epistaxis
facial pain
nasal congestion
finding of flu
muscle aches
sore throat
temp 102.4F
correlate asthma exacerbation w/ sinusitis?
postnasal drip in sinusitis can exacerbate asthma
cromolyn usage for known allergy to dog?
15 min before contact
- mast cell stabilizers inhibits secretion histamine and other inflammatory mediators
which trach tube has openings on surface of cannula to permit airflow?
fenestrated trach tube
permits air flow over vocal cords - allows speech by connecting a port to compressed air, which flows over vocal cords
humidification of air w trach pt
warms secretions
moisturizes secretions
prevents formation mucous plugs
which pt data will rn monitor when suctioning pt w trach
HR
SpO2
