mock rev - need to memorize Flashcards

1
Q

equation linking moles, mass and Mr

A

moles = mass / Mr

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2
Q

general formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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3
Q

general formula for alkenes

A

CnH2n

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4
Q

colour and state of chlorine at room temp

A

yellow/green gas

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5
Q

colour and state of bromine at room temp

A

red/brown liquid

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6
Q

colour and state of iodine at room temp

A

grey solid

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7
Q

colour of bromine solution

A

orange

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8
Q

colour of iodine solution

A

brown

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9
Q

test for alkenes vs alkanes

A

bromine water reacts with alkenes, go from orange to colourless

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10
Q

equation linking moles, concentration and volume

A

moles = conc x volume (dm3)

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11
Q

conversion between cm3 and dm3

A

1dm3 = 1000cm3

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12
Q

how to calculate moles of gas if volume is known

A

moles = vol (dm3) / 24

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13
Q

define ionic bond

A

the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

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14
Q

define covalent bond

A

the electrostatic attraction between two nuclei and shared pair of electrons

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15
Q

define metallic bond

A

The electrostatic attraction between positive ions and a sea of delocalised electrons

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16
Q

what types of elements are ionically bonded

A

metals + non-metals

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17
Q

what types of elements are covalently bonded

A

non-metal + non-metal

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18
Q

what types of elements are metalically bonded

19
Q

how to do water of crystallisation questions

A

Step 1: Work out the mol of unhydrated salt
Step 2: Work out the mol of water (can figure out mass by mass lost)
Step 3: Find the mol ratio of unhydrated salt:water (tips: Divide the both number with smaller number)

20
Q

define homologous series

A

a family of molecules with similar chemical properties, the same general formula and the same functional group

21
Q

define hydrocarbon

A

an organic compound that contains carbon and hydrogen only

22
Q

define functional group

A

the group of atoms that control a compound’s chemical properties

23
Q

what are the reactants and products of catalytic cracking

A

long chain alkane –> alkene + shorter chain alkane

24
Q

catalysts used in cracking

A

silica or alumina

25
temp range needed for cracking
600-700 C
26
when would u use 'electrostatic forces of attraction'
applies to all types of bonds, because they're all EFOA between something positive and negative
27
when would u use 'intermolecular forces of attraction'
only for simple covalent structures, they're the only ones with bonds within
28
when would u use 'forces of attraction'
only when talking abt graphite: layers slide over each other due to weak forces of attraction
29
test for ammonia
turns damp red litmus paper blue
30
test for chlorine
bleaches damp blue litmus paper
31
test for water
turns anhydrous copper sulphate from white to blue
32
colour of lithium flame test
crimson red
33
colour of sodium flame test
yellow
34
colour of calcium flame test
orange
35
colour of potassium flame test
lilac
36
colour of copper flame test
blue/green
37
what are alkanes used for
petrol
38
what are alkenes used for
plastics
39
test for Cu2+ cation
Add sodium hydroxide solution - blue
40
test for Fe2+ cation
Add sodium hydroxide solution - green
41
test for Fe3+ cation
Add sodium hydroxide solution - brown
42
test for chloride anion
Add acidified silver nitrate solution - white precipitate
43
test for bromide anion
Add acidified silver nitrate solution - cream precipitate
44
test for iodide anion
Add acidified silver nitrate solution - yellow precipitate