Mock exam Flashcards
Select ONE correct response from the following options.
Select one:
A.
Hypothesis testing surveys are commonly done to test a cause and effect relationship.
B.
The aim of a survey is to manipulate beliefs.
C.
Open ended question items would generate qualitative data.
D.
Structured interviews should always be used, because they are less time consuming.
E.
There is no bias in self assessment questionnaires because the researcher can not influence how they are filled in.
C.
Open ended question items would generate qualitative data.
Select ONE correct response from the following options.
Select one:
A.
Randomisation is a method of sampling in experiments.
B.
Concepts such as satisfaction and intelligence cannot be operationalised.
C.
All experimental designs are hypothesis testing.
D.
Double blinding in experiments eliminates confounding variables.
E.
A patient’s experience of a radiotherapy treatment would require a phenomenological approach to research.
E.
A patient’s experience of a radiotherapy treatment would require a phenomenological approach to research.
A study involves a group of smokers and a group of non-smokers.
50 mothers who smoked had children below the average birth weight.
30 mothers who did not smoke had babies above the average birth weight.
Select ONE option, from the list below, which indicates the most appropriate inferential test for the study data given above.
Select one:
A.
Chi squared test.
B.
Mann Whitney-U test.
C.
Related t test
D.
Unrelated t test
E.
Pearson correlation test.
A.
Chi squared test.
Each of the 80 patients in a study records the level of pain experienced before and after an interventional procedure. The study predicts that on average patients will experience less pain after the procedure.
Select ONE option from the list below which describes the appropriate measurement or presentation that should be used for the resulting data.
Select one:
A.
Objective data recorded on a ratio scale.
B.
Data would be analysed descriptively using the mean and standard deviation.
C.
Data is subjective on a ratio scale.
D.
Data would be analysed using the median and interquartile range.
E.
Data is objective on an interval scale.
D.
Data would be analysed using the median and interquartile range.
Each of the 80 patients in a study records the level of pain experienced before and after an interventional procedure. The study predicts that on average patients will experience less pain after the procedure.
Select ONE appropriate inferential statistical test for this data.
Select one:
A.
Unrelated t test.
B.
Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.
C.
Mann Whitney U test.
D.
Unrelated Z test
E.
Spearman correlation test.
B.
Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.
A researcher predicts that asbestos exposure is related to mesothelioma. The medical records of 200 mesothelioma patients are examined and divided into two groups according to whether they have been exposed to asbestos or not.
Select ONE correct response from the following options:
Select one:
A.
An unrelated experiment would be an appropriate research design to use with this data because there is a control group (non-exposed group).
B.
A retrospective survey would be an appropriate research design to use with this data.
C.
A related experiment would be an appropriate research design to use with this data.
D.
A prospective survey would be an appropriate research design to use with this data
E.
It would be appropriate to draw a causal relationship after analysis of the records.
B.
A retrospective survey would be an appropriate research design to use with this data.
The summary of data below refers to the weekly income of two groups. Group one left school under the age of 18years and group two over the age of 18years.
Income figures are in pounds (£).
Group one
Group two
Mean
74
Mean
92
Median
70
Median
96
Mode
30
Mode
134
Standard error of the mean
8
Standard error of the mean
12
Standard Deviation
35
Standard Deviation
40
Skewness
0.332546219
Skewness
-0.52313
Interquartile range
56
Interquartile range
72
Count
18
Count
10
Select ONE correct response from the following options.
Select one:
A.
The most frequently occurring (central tendency) score for group 1 is 70.
B.
Group 1 data are positively skewed.
C.
Group 2 data are positively skewed.
D.
The median and standard deviation should be used because the data are not normally distributed.
E.
The mean and standard deviation should be used because data are ratio and the distribution is normal.
Group 1 data are positively skewed.
The summary of data below refers to the weekly income of two groups. Group one left school under the age of 18years and group two over the age of 18years.
Income figures are in pounds (£).
Group one
Group two
Mean
74
Mean
92
Median
70
Median
96
Mode
30
Mode
134
Standard error of the mean
8
Standard error of the mean
12
Standard Deviation
35
Standard Deviation
40
Skewness
0.332546219
Skewness
-0.52313
Interquartile range
56
Interquartile range
72
Count
18
Count
10
Select ONE option from the list below, which indicates the most appropriate level and nature of data recorded for the two groups.
Select one:
A.
Ratio and continuous.
B.
Ordinal and discrete
C.
Ordinal and continuous
D.
Ratio and discrete
E.
Interval and discrete
A.
Ratio and continuous.
The summary of data below refers to the weekly income of two groups. Group one left school under the age of 18years and group two over the age of 18years.
Income figures are in pounds (£).
Group one
Group two
Mean
74
Mean
92
Median
70
Median
96
Mode
30
Mode
134
Standard error of the mean
8
Standard error of the mean
12
Standard Deviation
35
Standard Deviation
40
Skewness
0.332546219
Skewness
-0.52313
Interquartile range
56
Interquartile range
72
Count
18
Count
10
Select ONE option from the list below, which indicates the most appropriate inferential statistical test to use with these two groups of data.
Select one:
A.
Unrelated t test.
B.
Wilcoxon Signed Rank test
C.
Mann Whitney U test
D.
Unrelated Z test
E.
Spearman correlation test.
C.
Mann Whitney U test
- If the null hypothesis is rejected when it should have been retained a type one error has occurred.
- As standard deviation increases the width of a confidence interval increases.
- A p value of 0.05 indicates that there is a 5% risk of the study findings being due to random variability (and therefore not significant).
Choose ONE response from the following options:
Select one:
A.
Numbers 1, 2, & 3 correct
B.
Numbers 1 & 2 correct
C.
Numbers 2 & 3 correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
E.
Number 3 only correct
A.
Numbers 1, 2, & 3 correct
A researcher predicts that a relationship exists between smoking and low birth weight.
The study would test a hypothesis.
The independent variable is birth weight.
An experimental design should be used.
Choose ONE response from the options below:
Select one:
A.
Numbers 1, 2, & 3 correct
B.
Numbers 1 & 2 correct
C.
Numbers 2 & 3 correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
E.
Number 3 only correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
In the phenomenological approach to research:
A large number of people are used to gain an insight into their behaviour.
Findings would be generalised to the general population.
Data generated would more likely be qualitative.
Choose ONE response from the options below:
Select one:
A.
Numbers 1, 2, & 3 correct
B.
Numbers 1 & 2 correct
C.
Numbers 2 & 3 correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
E.
Number 3 only correct
E.
Number 3 only correct
The following would be a feature of a study that looks for a relationship between smoking and lung cancer in a group of doctors over a period of time.
1) Two independent groups.
2) Randomisation.
3) Control for confounding variables.
Choose ONE response from the options below:
Select one:
A.
Numbers 1, 2, & 3 correct
B.
Numbers 1 & 2 correct
C.
Numbers 2 & 3 correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
E.
Number 3 only correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
A randomised controlled trial is carried out to test the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine.
1) The subjects will be volunteers.
2) Impartiality of randomisation is achieved by blindfolding the researcher.
3) There is no need for a control group because the subjects will either get influenza, or will not get influenza.
Choose ONE response from the options below:
Select one:
A.
Numbers 1, 2, & 3 correct
B.
Numbers 1 & 2 correct
C.
Numbers 2 & 3 correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
E.
Number 3 only correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
Spread of data may be measured by the:
Standard deviation.
Interquartile range.
Range.
Choose ONE response from the options below:
Select one:
A.
Numbers 1, 2, & 3 correct
B.
Numbers 1 & 2 correct
C.
Numbers 2 & 3 correct
D.
Number 1 only correct
E.
Number 3 only correct
A.
Numbers 1, 2, & 3 correct
