mock

Question 1

how has the rise of the service economy led to urban change?

Answer 1

• pop growth and increased consumer wealth drove the shift in service economy.
• expansion of sector in urban areas = result of globalisation and encouragement of TNC’s
• has led to challenges in urban areas. unemployment. loss of manufacturing jobs isn’t always replaced for service jobs = high unemployment.

Question 2

data in figure 5?

Answer 2

• many anomalies, e.g. Sri Lanka.
• regional pattern, e.g. African countries have low urbanisation.
  -positive correlation. GDP increases with % of pop living in urban areas.

Question 3

why does waste contrast in urban areas?

Answer 3

• the type of waste produced
  -developed countries are increasingly developing into consumerist societies
• developed countries produce more water, but they have better systems inlace to collect waste.

Question 4

what are sources of waste in urban areas?

Answer 4

• industrial waste
• commercial waste
• personal waste

Question 5

what is industrial waste?

Answer 5

waste produced from construction, factories, power production or manufacturing e.g. metals, gases and chemicals

Question 7

what is personal waste?

Answer 7

waste produced by humans in their homes

Question 8

what are the ways in which waste can be managed?

Answer 8

• unregulated
• recycling
• incineration
• recovery
• landfill
• submergence
• trade

Question 9

what is meant by recycling in relation to waste management?

Answer 9

• reprocessing materials that can be used again
• reduces the need to produce more materials and going to landfill, making it more env sustainable.

Question 10

what is meant by incineration in relation to waste management?

Answer 10

• burning waste rather than storing it.
• ## reduces amount going to landfill, but it requires fuel and produces gases.

Question 11

what is meant by landfill in relation to waste management?

Answer 11

• dumping waste into areas designated for waste.
• disrupts natural environment
• products take a long time to break down, using up lots of space.

Question 12

how can we see urban economic inequality?

Answer 12

cities are both physically structured and increasingly socially structured.

this has led to economic and social inequality within our urban areas and this has brought with it a wide variety of issues.

Question 13

what factors have led to inequality in urban areas?

Answer 13

• housing. availability and types available
• culture. migrants arrive with different cultures and languages which can make it hard to assimilate and relate
• economic. availability of jobs+pay
• health. availability/access to healthcare.
• religion. certain religions are favoured or resented in some areas
• education. the quality of education available.