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HCC 3 > Mobility > Flashcards

Mobility Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of mobility:

A

factors that facilitate or impair movement of the body

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2
Q

What does the body need for movement to happen

A

-Adequate energy
-muscle strength
-stable bones
-working joints
-coordination between brain and muscle

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3
Q

Where does movement start?

A

in the brain

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4
Q

What is the musculoskeletal system made up of?

A

Bones, joints, and muscles

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5
Q

What type of movement reduces the angle between the bones?

A

Flexion

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6
Q

What patient population is at highest risk of impaired mobility?

A

older adults

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7
Q

Name risk factors for impaired mobility

A

-age
-medication
-injury/trauma
-chronic pain
-neurological disorders,
-end stage cancer
-cardiopulmonary disorders
-nutritional deficiencies
-congenital deformities

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8
Q

Cardiovascular consequences of impaired mobility

A

-orthostatic hypotension
-venous stasis (^ risk of DVT)

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9
Q

Respiratory consequences of impaired mobility

A

-atelectasis (part of lung collapses)
- stasis pneumonia (build of secretions and decreased coughing)
-impaired gas exchange

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10
Q

Musculoskeletal consequences of impaired mobility

A

-muscle atrophy
-friction injuries causing skin breakdown

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11
Q

Gastrointestinal consequences of impaired mobility

A

constipation

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12
Q

Urinary consequences of impaired mobility

A

-renal calculi (kidney stones)
-urinary stasis (urine pooling in bladder)
-urinary tract infection (UTI)

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13
Q

Integumentary consequences of impaired mobility

A

-skin breakdown
-friction injuries causing skin breakdown

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14
Q

Psychological consequences of impaired mobility

A

-depression
-anxiety
-social isolation
-developmental regression in pediatrics (children)

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15
Q

what questions should you ask about their ADLs?

A

how independent are they and if they need help, what do they need help with?

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16
Q

what scale is muscle strength graded on?

A

0-5 scale

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17
Q

How can physical changes in older adults affect mobility?

A

-decrease ROM and increased pain
-reduced muscles strength and increased risk of fractures
-slower reflexes and poor balance
- changes in vision and increased risk of falls

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18
Q

What is an example of primary prevention for mobility

A

-Fall prevention
-physical activity
-nutrition

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19
Q

What is an example of secondary prevention

A

-screening tests like osteoporosis screen
-fall risk screen

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20
Q

how is a patient who is supine positioned

A

flat on their back

21
Q

how is a patient who is prone positioned

A

laying on their abdomen

22
Q

How can contractures be prevented?

A

ROM exercises

23
Q

What does activity ad lib mean

A

Patient can move independently without assistance

24
Q

How can you reduce risk of falls for patients who ambulate?

A

-Non-slip socks
-change positions slowly to reduce orthostatic hypotension
-clear pathway
-assistive devices

25
Q

What causes disuse syndrome

A

inactivity or sedentary lifestyle

25
Q

what 2 vitamin supplements may be given for deficiencies when thinking about mobility impairment?

A

Vitamin D or calcium

26
Q

what happens to the muscles with disuse syndrome

A

Atrophy ( loss of muscle tissue)

27
Q

What population is usually affected by disuse syndrome

A

older adults

28
Q

How does Disuse syndrome affect the body as a whole?

A

Body system weaken
heart and musculoskeletal systems weaken
premature aging
obesity
depression

29
Q

What is the treatment for disuse syndrome?

A

early rehabilitation
regain strength and mobility

30
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

Low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone fragility

31
Q

What gender is osteoporosis most common in?

A

women

32
Q

What nutritional deficiencies are seen in osteoporosis?

A

Low calcium and low vitamin D

33
Q

What age is at higher risk for osteoporosis?

A

65 and up

34
Q

What hormone deficiencies increase risk for osteoporosis?

A

Low estrogen in women and low testosterone in men

35
Q

Name 2 meds that can increase risk for osteoporosis?

A

Long term corticosteroid use .
excessive thyroid replacement meds.

36
Q

What are early symptoms of osteoporosis?

A

Back pain
spontaneous fractures

37
Q

What is kyphosis?

A

rounding of the upper back

38
Q

What diet would you recommend to someone with osteoporosis?

A

high in calcium

39
Q

What are common medications given for osteoporosis?

A

Biphosphonates (alendronate and risedronate)

40
Q

How do Biphosphonates meds work?

A

Inhibit bone resorption and slow bone remodeling

41
Q

What teaching do you need to give with these meds? (Biphosphonates)

A

Take a full glass of water
stay upright for at least 30 minutes (prevents esophageal ulcerations)

42
Q

is osteoporosis screening a primary or secondary prevention?

A

Secondary

43
Q

What are some foods that are high in calcium?

A

Milk/dairy
yogurt
turnip greens
cottage cheese
sardines
spinach

44
Q

What type of disease is osteoarthritis?

A

Degenerative (wear and tear)

45
Q

What is a top risk factor for osteoarthritis?

A

aging

46
Q

What is the most common symptom for osteoarthritis?

A

joint pain

47
Q

How is the pain usually relieved?

A

with rest

HCC 3 (4 decks)

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