mobileDevices_Chapter 2. Laptops, Part 2 Flashcards
A laptop might use one of a few types of displays, what are they
LCD, LED, and OLED.
LCD
LCD: The liquid-crystal display (LCD)
LCD: The liquid-crystal display (LCD)
made of
how connects
consists of two sheets of
polarizing material surrounding a layer of liquid
crystal solution
connects to the motherboard
by way of a flex ribbon cable, or an all-in one
power/signal cable, and gets its power from an
inverter board.
active-matrix displays,
active-matrix displays, meaning they have multiple transistors for each pixel. Most of today’s LCD screens are thin-film transistor (TFT)
TFT
thin-film transistor
where are transistors located in active-matrix displays,
These transistors are contained within a
flexible material and are located directly behind
the liquid crystal material.
LCDs
generate a small amount of heat, and cause little
in the way of interference and emissions.
Downside -But they use what kind of bulb that what?
use more electricity than newer types of displays because they utilize a highpowered bulb; quite often, a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL).
CCFL
cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL)
LED
Light-emitting-diode (LED)
Light-emitting-diode (LED) monitors
utilize ? and what colors?
utilize two-terminal electronic components
known as diodes to display images. These diodes
are red, green, and blue (RGB)
RGB
red, green, and blue
Light-emitting-diode (LED) monitors
Benefit/difference between LCD
use less power than traditional LCDs Backlight- LCD monitors use a CCFL as the illumination source LED monitors use light-emitting diodes, which release photons
hybrid designs of LCD and LED
hybrid designs known as
LED-backlit LCDs.
In that case, we are not using a CCFL, and
instead utilize diodes but with an LCD screen.
LED monitors
use light-emitting diodes, which release photons;
this process is known as
electroluminescence
OLED
OLED stands for
organic light-emitting diodes.
OLED organic light-emitting diodes. Technology ?
The technology uses an organic
compound to emit light in response to an electric
current. OLED displays have the best black
levels
why would you want LED over OLED
might opt for LED if you are more
concerned with brightness and some other
specifications.
Inverter in a laptop
converts direct current (DC)
that comes from the motherboard into alternating
current (AC)
What display screens need an inverter to work? why and other options dont why?
LCD needs inverter-The backlight is a bulb; for example, a CCFL.
LEDs (and OLEDs)
don’t need an inverter—they are DC only by design—
and don’t use a CCFL or similar lamp.
laptop
Minor issues such as
intermittent lines on the screen suggest that the
display cable needs to be reconnected or replaced.
LCD display failures can be broken
down into a couple categories:
a damaged inverter or a
worn out backlight.
LCD is usually lit by a CCFL (basically a bulb); it is that
LCD backlight which requires?
AC power.
inverter can fail because it
runs at high voltage, and possibly at high
temperatures, it is prone to failure.
If the inverter fails,
the display will go dark
What is an easy option to use the laptop
an external monitor
should work properly
Display goes dark on LCD screen what are first couple options to look for
If the inverter fails, the display will go dark; however, an external monitor should work properly
Another possibility is that the backlight has failed
verify if it is an inverter/backlight issue by shining a flashlight directly
at the screen (best in a dark room and make out the operating system)
laptop display
The inverter often has two connectors:
one for the high-voltage connection that leads to the power
source
one for a cable that connects to the display.
What should you do before ever working with inverter on laptop?
Be sure to turn off and unplug the laptop
and remove the battery before removing an inverter.
Warning! The inverter should not be handled if the
laptop is on!
dimmer screen than before, or a
reddish/pinkish hue to the screen, or maybe a loss of
color.
Indicate what?
laptop’s backlight
usually lasts a long time.
Digitizers and Touchscreens
A touchscreen—also known as a digitizer screen—is a
screen that allows for tapping or writing on the screen.
A stylus
A stylus is a
writing tool, usually a thin plastic “pen” type of device
used to take the place of a mouse; it enables you to tap
and “write” on the digitizer with great accuracy
How does a digitizer work?
converts tapped or written impulses (analog) on the
screen into instructions (digital) for the operating
system to follow.
How to replace (steps) Webcam
important
First, employ antistatic measures.
remove the bezel from the display
Often, it is just connected with a small plug,
and no screws or attachment of any kind.
carefully disconnect it with your shim or other thin
prying tool (non-metal), and place it in an antistatic
bag, and label it for later use
Hold on to any tape or
sticky material that keeps the webcam in place.
Next, replace it with an identical part. plug is often delicate. Use, or re-use tape to fasten the webcam in the right spot (if necessary).
test the
webcam’s video and audio
NO answer just read through
Some people use tape to cover the webcam for security
or privacy purposes, but depending on the policies of
your organization, this might not be enough, and you
will have to remove it altogether. Some companies
offer filler items to fill the gap where the camera lens
normally goes.
A laptop might have a function key that can disable the
webcam. It can also be disabled in the operating
system, so be sure to check those before replacing the
webcam.
The microphone on a laptop is often part of the
webcam module, for example to the left of the lens. So,
removing the webcam module removes the
microphone. The microphone could also be disabled in
the operating system. For example, in Windows you
would do this in the Recording tab of the Sound dialog
box. As mentioned, some people use tape to cover the
webcam, and the microphone openings as well;
however, depending on the type of tape, it might
muffle the recorded sound, but not eliminate it. Once
again, for security purposes, it is better to disable the
webcam altogether, or remove it.
No answer just read through
Some people use tape to cover the webcam for security
or privacy purposes, but depending on the policies of
your organization, this might not be enough, and you
will have to remove it altogether. Some companies
offer filler items to fill the gap where the camera lens
normally goes.
A laptop might have a function key that can disable the
webcam. It can also be disabled in the operating
system, so be sure to check those before replacing the
webcam.
The microphone on a laptop is often part of the
webcam module, for example to the left of the lens. So,
removing the webcam module removes the
microphone. The microphone could also be disabled in
the operating system. For example, in Windows you
would do this in the Recording tab of the Sound dialog
box. As mentioned, some people use tape to cover the
webcam, and the microphone openings as well;
however, depending on the type of tape, it might
muffle the recorded sound, but not eliminate it. Once
again, for security purposes, it is better to disable the
webcam altogether, or remove it.
How to disable web cam
tape to cover the webcam
remove it altogether. (Some companies
offer filler items to fill the gap where the camera lens
normally goes.)
function key that can disable it
external USBbased webcams to achieve better security
Wi-Fi antennas are used to connect to a wireless
network, also known as?
wireless local area network
WLAN
laptop
Wi-Fi antennas can be found
inside the
laptop as well as externally.
If the antenna is inside the
laptop, it will usually be some type of module, like?
an M.2 card (as shown in Figure 2.1), or a PCI Express Mini Card (also known as a Mini PCIe card)
what is this
A typical internal Wi-Fi module using the M.2 form factor
What is this
Mini PCIe cards
with antenna adapter
M.2-
based cards
pins and standards?
67 pins and might use the 2230
standard (22 x 30 mm) or the 1216 standard (12 x 16
mm), among others.
Full size Mini PCIe cards and subgroup
Full size Mini PCIe cards are 30 x 50.95 mm and use a
-52-pin edge connector. There are
also half mini cards that are the same width, but are
26.8 mm long. This is also known as “half height”,
though this name isn’t quite accurate. Both of these are
about half the width of the older Mini PCI standard.
when installing an M.2 or Mini PCIe card,
contacts can be easily damaged
Place even pressure on both sides and press the card into the slot
evenly
If a Wi-Fi antenna cable already exists in
the laptop, re-use it by connecting the wire ends to the
contacts on the card
usually there is two, one for WiFi, and one for Bluetooth (BT).
When using external Wi-Fi/RJ45 (ethernet) adapters
What should you consider?
USB 3.0 or higher (blue ports or
better).
Wi-Fi transmissions rely on the?
Which rely on?
IEEE 802.11 standards
including 802.11ac, n, g, and b (going from fastest to
slowest).
IEEE ? what does it include?
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
IEEE 802.11 standards
including 802.11ac, n, g, and b (going from fastest to
slowest).
WIFI
Every Wi-Fi adapter has its own unique?
media access
control (MAC) address, also known as a MAC ID
MAC
media access control (MAC) address, also known as a MAC ID
Where can you find media access
control (MAC) address, also known as a MAC ID
wifi adapter
usually printed on a sticker on
the Wi-Fi adapter, and it is programmed into the ROM
of the adapter.
What does MAC ID do for wifi adapter?
differentiates the Wi-Fi adapter from
all other network adapters on your network and
around the world
How is MAC ID written?
MAC address is a 48-bit number,
described in the hexadecimal numbering system. For
example: 68-05-CA-2D-A4-B3.
How is MAC ID referred to as in windows?
physical address
The number is also
referred to as a physical address in the Windows
command-line.
special function keys on a laptop can control ?
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS enabling/disabling the touchpad; and adjusting the brightness and volume
Docking stations and port replicators allow us?
to turn a laptop into more of a workstation,
adding monitors, keyboards and mice, as well as network connectivity and storage capabilities
A user might have a need for a
more adjustable laptop what could you suggest?
one that has a
screen that rotates, flips over, or is removable.
Fn on a laptop
The Fn key (Function key)
The Fn key (Function key) does what
designed to activate
secondary or special functions of other keys.
keys Involved with special functions?
But all this is up to the manufacturer and any key can
be given a secondary function.
Sometimes a laptop will have separate buttons near the power button or elsewhere
that aren’t considered part of the regular function keys. These might be called special
keys, special buttons, hot buttons, hotkeys, or corner keys
sometimes If available, press the Num Lock key enable/disable
the numeric keypad on a laptop. If the Num Lock
indicator light is on, then the numeric key is enabled.
Most laptops have the capability of sending video
signals to an external monitor. Some people refer to
this technology as?
screen switching and/or extending
the display.
screen switching and/or extending
the display. will require what connection
Ideally!
HDMI or DisplayPort Ideally
when you are using a projector as the second display.
Sometimes……(basic troubleshoot)
the projector might need time to warm up
might need to be configured via its on-screen
display (OSD).
You might also need a video adapter if
your laptop and projector’s ports don’t match up.
Identify the projector’s ports, and locate the projector’s
documentation for more details.
laptop connecting
OSD
on-screen
display (OSD).
If nothing shows up on an external display, then
try
cycling through the different display modes by using
the Fn key and the appropriate special function key.
Docking Stations
The docking station expands the laptop so that it can
behave more like a desktop computer.
some laptops can hot dock, meaning
they can connect to the docking station while powered on.
The docking station can
recharges the laptop’s battery, and possibly a second battery
Has connections for
-video, audio, networking, and expansion cards.
might even have an
-optical disc drive,
-additional hard drive, and additional display and USB
ports
Alternative to docking station
port replicator,
port replicator,
Used with laptop-alternative to docking station
has only ports (for example, video, sound, network, and so on).
Sometimes these are just referred to as docking
stations as well.
difference between
docking station and port replicator
A laptop is placed or “docked” into a docking station.
port replicator is connected to the laptop simply to provide additional ports.
Rotating and Removable Screens downside
the probability of failure increases.
In fact, any moving or connecting parts in
any device will increase the chance of failure
How to educate user with rotating and removable screen
educate users on how to gently connect displays, and how to work with them properly to avoid these problems in the future.
way to physically secure a laptop
Securing Laptops with Cable Locks
How to use laptop security lock/cable
laptops come with a security slot
to be used with cable locks; the tubular lock is inserted into the slot and turned 90 degrees to lock it or unlock it.
