Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rad III > Mobile/Trauma > Flashcards

Mobile/Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What are two classifications of mobile x-ray machines?

A

Battery operated and capacitor discharge units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the ranges for kVp and mAs on a mobile x-ray machine?

A

Ranges for kVp is 40 to 130

Ranges for mAs is 0.04 to 320

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the total unit of power for a mobile x-ray machine?

A

Total unit power is between 15 and 35 kW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain the various factors of the mobile machine as it relates to speed, incline, charge, recharging and number of exposures.

A
  • 2 sets of batteries (10 to 16 12V batteries connected in a series
  • 2.5 to 3 mph average walking speed
  • Maximum incline of 7 degrees
  • 10 to 15 exposures when fully charged
  • 10 miles on level ground when fully charged
  • 8 hours charging time if fully discharged
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the advantages/disadvantages of the capacitor-discharge unit?

A
  • Smaller size/easy to move/lighter in weight

- kVp drops constantly during length of exposure (kvp may start @ 100 but during the exposure drop to 80 by the end)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three important technical factors for mobile imaging?

A

Grid, anode heel effect, SID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The incorrect use of a grid can result in loss of density across all or part of an image. Grid cut-off can result from 4 factors:

A
  1. off-center grid
  2. off-level grid
  3. off-focus grid
  4. upside-down grid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If a longitudinal grid tilts transversely such as when placing under a patient on a mattress, the CR forms an angle across the long axis of the grid resulting in:

A

A lost of image density or grid cutoff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The CR must be centered along the center axis of the grid. If the CR is off from the midline, grid cutoff can result. The more CR is off centered the _____ the grid cutoff.

A

Greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the ratio and focal range for most focus type grids?

A

6:1 or 8:1 ratio

36 to 44” focal range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the grid ratio for portable and bucky grids?

A

Portable grids: 6:1 or 8:1

Bucky grids: 12:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the concept of the anode heel effect?

A
  • The intensity of radiation from the cathode end is greater than at the anode end.
  • The heel effect causes a decrease in image density at anode end due to the greater absorption of x-rays.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A ____ body part at cathode end and a _____ part at anode end.

A

Thicker; thinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_____ radiography produces some of the highest occupational radiation exposures for radiographers.

A

Mobile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Recommended minimal distance from mobile unit when making exposures is ______ or length of the cord.

A

6 feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The single most effective means of radiation protection is ________.

A

Distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

SSD or _________ cannot be less than _______ according to the Federal Safety Regulation.

A

Source-to-skin distance; 12 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is trauma?

A
  • A sudden, unexpected dramatic event

- Incorporates a range of conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In trauma imaging, how does one approach the standard projection that are part of the routine protocol for imaging different body parts?

A

Adaption (to patient)

20
Q

What are the differences among the four levels of hospitals?

A
  • Level 1
  • Level 2
  • Level 3
  • Level 4
21
Q

What are the different types of forces associated with trauma imaging?

A
  • Blunt trauma (MVA, collisions, falls and aggravated assault)
  • Penetrating trauma (gun shot wounds, stab wounds, impalement injuries, foreign body ingestion and aspiration)
  • Explosive trauma (pressure shock waves, high-velocity projectiles and burns)
22
Q

What is Principle 1 for trauma imaging?

A

2 projections 90 degrees to each other with true CR-part-IR alignment

23
Q

What is Principle 2 of trauma imaging?

A

Entire structure is included on image

  • Selection of IR size
  • Secondary fractures
  • Joint nearest fracture site
24
Q

What is Principle 3 of trauma imaging?

A

To maintain safety for patient, healthcare workers and the public

25
Q

Move the ____ and ___ rather than move the patient

A

Tube and IR

26
Q

Bone displaced from joint; abnormal shape or alignment

A

Dislocation or luxation

27
Q

Twisting for a joint resulting in partial rupture or tearing of ligaments without dislocation

A

Sprain

28
Q

Break in a bone

A

Fracture

29
Q

Alignment or disalignment describing the relationship of the long axis of fracture fragments

A

Apposition

30
Q

Fragmented ends make end-to-end contact

A

Anatomic apposition

31
Q

Fragmented end are aligned but pulled apart

A

Lack of apposition or distraction

32
Q

Fragments overlap and shafts make contact (fracture ends do not)

A

Bayonet apposition

33
Q

Loss of alignment of fracture

A

Angulation

34
Q

Direction or angle of apex of fracture

A

Apex

35
Q

Distal part of distal fragment angled toward midline of body (lateral apex - points away)

A

Varus deformity

36
Q

Distal part of distal fragment angled away from midline (apex pointed toward midline)

A

Valgus deformity

37
Q

Bone does not break through skin

A

Simple/closed

38
Q

Portion of bone protrudes through skin

A

Compund/open

39
Q

Fracture does not transverse through entire bone

A

Incomplete

40
Q

Break is complete and broken into 2 pieces

A

Complete

41
Q

Buckling of cortex with localization expansion and no complete break in cortex

A

Torus or Buckle

42
Q

Fracture on one side only with the other side bent

A

Greenstick

43
Q

Near right angle to long axis of bone

A

Transverse fracture

44
Q

Fracture that passes at an oblique angle to long axis of bone

A

Oblique fracture

45
Q

Bone is twisted apart and fracture spirals around axis of bone

A

Spiral fracture

46
Q

Conversion factors for cast

A

Fiberglass - increase kVp by 3 to 4 kV
Small to medium plaster - increase kVp by 5 to 7 kV
Large plaster - increase kVp by 8 to 10 kV

Rad III (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions