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MOA /trade name/class Flashcards

1
Q

Albuterol Sulfate trade name / class

A
  • Proventil
  • Sympathomimetic , bronchodilator, beta-2 agonist
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2
Q

Albuterol Sulfate MOA (4)

A
  • Relatively selective beta2 adrenergic bronchodilator
  • Beta2 agonist that relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchial dilation
  • Some beta1 overlap with tachycardia
  • Shift potassium intracellular, resulting in lower serum potassium
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3
Q

Racemic Epinephrine MOA (2)

A
  • Acts as bronchodilator that stimulates beta-2 receptors in lungs, relaxing brochial smooth muscle
  • Also useful in treating laryngeal edema
  • Inhibits release of histamine
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4
Q

Ipratropium Bromide trade name / class

A
  • Atrovent
  • Anticholinergic, bronchodilator
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5
Q

Ipratropium Bromide MOA (1)

A
  • Antagonizes action of Ach on the bronchial smooth muscle in the lungs, causing bronchodilation
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6
Q

Magnesium Sulfate MOA (4)

A
  • Smooth muscle relaxant
  • Decreases early after depolarizations and reduces arrhythmias
  • Decreases seizures in eclampsia and preeclampsia, possibly via cerebral vasodilation
  • CNS depressant
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7
Q

Methylprednisolone trade name / class

A
  • Solu-medrol
  • Glucocorticoid
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8
Q

Methylprednisolone MOA (2)

A
  • Potent synthetic steroid that inhibits many substances that cause inflammatory response
  • Controls or prevents inflammation by controlling rate of protein synthesis, suppressing migration of polymorhonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and fibroblasts, reversing capillary permeability, and stabilizing lysosomes at cellular level
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9
Q

Morphine Sulfate trade name / class

A
  • Astramorph PF
  • Opioid analgesic
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10
Q

Morphine Sulfate MOA (5)

A
  • Narcotic analgesic
  • Alleviates pain by acting on the pain receptors in the brain, elevates pain threshold
  • CNS depressant, depresses brainstem respiratory centers
  • Increases venous pooling, vasodilates arterioles, reducing preload and afterload
  • Histamine release
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11
Q

Naloxone MOA (2)

A
  • Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist which competitively binds to opioid receptors in the brain
  • Displaces opioid molecules, reversing the effect of opioids on the brain
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12
Q

Nitroglycerin trade name / class

A
  • Nitrostat
  • Vasodilator
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13
Q

Nitroglycerin MOA (6)

A
  • Potent smooth muscle relaxant
  • Causes systemic venodilation, decreasing preload
  • Arterial vasodilation, decreasing afterload
  • Coronary artery vasodilation
  • Increases blood flow to the myocardium
  • Decreases myocardial oxygen demand
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14
Q

Succinylcholine trade name / class

A
  • Anectine
  • Neuromuscular blocker (depolarizing)
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15
Q

Succinylcholine MOA (3)

A
  • Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
  • Acts on the motor end plate receptors, producing depolariztion or fasciculations, and inhibiting subsequent neuromuscular transmission for the duration of the medication (short acting)
  • Muscles are unable to be stimulated by Ach
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16
Q

Ketamine trade name / class

A
  • Ketalar
  • Nonbarbiturate anesthetic
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17
Q

Ketamine MOA (2)

A
  • Non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist
  • Functions as dissociative, amnestic, analgesic, anesthetic agent
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18
Q

Etomidate trade name / class

A
  • Amidate
  • Nonbarbiturate hypnotic, anasthetic
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19
Q

Etomidate MOA (3)

A
  • Sedative and hypnotic
  • Acts similar to GABA by depressing the activity of brain stem reticular activating system
  • No analgesic properties
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20
Q

Midazolam trade name / class

A
  • Versed
  • Short-acting benzodiazepine; anticonvulsant; anxiolytic
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21
Q

Midazolam MOA (1)

A
  • Benzodiazepine that functions as CNS depressant, anticonvulsant, and sedative
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22
Q

Phenylephrine MOA (1)

A
  • Stimulates alpha receptors in the blood vessels of nasal mucosa which causes their constriction and thereby decreases the risk of nasal bleeding
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23
Q

Dexamethasone trade name / class

A
  • Decadron / Hexadrol
  • Glucocorticoid
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24
Q

Dexamethasone MOA (4)

A
  • Improves lung function and myocardial performance
  • Stabilization of lysosomal and cell membranes, inhibition of compliment-induced granulocyte aggregation
  • Rightward shift in oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
  • Inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene production, increase in surfactant production, decrease in pulmonary edema, relaxation of bronchospasm
25
Q

Diphenhydramine trade name / class

A
  • Benadryl
  • Antihistamine
26
Q

Diphenhydramine MOA (2)

A
  • Histamine H1-receptor antagonist (blocks histamine receptors) of effector cells in respiratory tract, blood vessels, and GI smooth muscle
  • Also has anticholinergic actions, making it useful in treating or preventing acute dystonic reactions to antipsychotic drugs. These reactions include: oculogyric crisis, acute torticollis, and facial grimacing
27
Q

Magnesium Sulfate class

A

Electrolyte / Anticonvulsant / Class V Antidysrhythmic

28
Q

Racemic Epinephrine trade name / class

A
  • Micronefrin
  • Sympathomimetic
29
Q

Naloxone trade name and class

A
  • Narcan
  • Opioid antagonist
30
Q

Atropine Sulfate trade name and class

A
  • Atropine
  • Anticholinergic agent
31
Q

Atropine MOA (4)

A
  • Blocks action of Ach as competitive antagonist at muscarinic receptor sites in smooth muscle, secretory glands, and CNS
  • Blocks parasympathetic response
  • Positive chronotropic properties with little to no inotropic effects (increases conduction through AV node)
  • Atropine reverses muscarinic effects of cholinergic poisoning
32
Q

Vasopressin trade name and class

A
  • Vasostrict
  • Vasoactive agent, antidiuretic hormone analog
33
Q

Vasopressin MOA (2)

A
  • Stimulates V1 receptor increasing systemic vascular resistance and MAP
  • Stimulates V2 receptor decreasing urine volume
34
Q

Lidocaine trade name and class

A
  • Xylocaine
  • Class I Antidysrhythmic
35
Q

Lidocaine MOA (3)

A
  • Antiarrhythmic that decreases automaticity by slowing rate of depolarization
  • Terminates re-entry by decreasing conduction in re-entrant pathways
  • Local anesthesia for pain control caused by infusion of fluids or medications via IO site
36
Q

Acetaminophen trade name and class

A
  • Tylenol, Ofirmev
  • Analgesic, Antipyretic
37
Q

Acetaminophen MOA (2)

A
  • Thought to act primarily in the CNS, increasing pain threshold by inhibiting isoforms of cyclooxygenase enzymes
  • Acts on heat-regulating centers of hypothalamus
38
Q

Epinephrine class

A

Sympathomimetic

39
Q

Adenosine trade name and class

A
  • Adenocard
  • Endogenous nucleoside / misc. antidysrhythmic
40
Q

Adenosine MOA (2)

A
  • Slows conduction through the AV node
  • Most cases of PSVT involve AV nodal reentry, adenosine is capable of interrupting the AV nodal circuit and stopping the tachycardia, restoring normal sinus rhythm
41
Q

Amiodarone trade name and class

A
  • Cordarone
  • Class III antidysrhythmic
42
Q

Amiodarone MOA (4)

A
  • Multiple effects on sodium, potassium, and calcium channels
  • Prolongs action potential and repolarization
  • Decreases AV conduction and sinus node function
  • Also has some alpha and beta adrenergic blocking properties
43
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate class

A
  • buffer, alkalinizing agent, electrolyte supplement
44
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate MOA (2)

A
  • Reacts with hydrogen ions, forming water and CO2, correcting metabolic acidosis
  • Increases blood and urinary pH by releasing bicarbonate ion
45
Q

Aspirin other names and class

A
  • Acetylsalicylic Acid, ASA, Bayer, Ecotrin
  • Analgesic, Anti-platelet, anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory
46
Q

Aspirin MOA

A
  • Inhibits prostaglandin and disrupts platelet function
  • Mild analgesic and anti-inflammatory
47
Q

Fentanyl trade name and class

A
  • Sublimaze
  • Opioid analgesic
48
Q

Fentanyl MOA (3)

A
  • Opioid agonist-analgesic
  • Inhibits ascending pain pathways, altering response to pain, increases pain threshold
  • Produces analgesia, respiratory depression, and sedation
49
Q

Calcium chloride class

A
  • Electrolyte
50
Q

Calcium chloride MOA (5)

A
  • Increases extracellular and intracellular Ca levels
  • Stimulates release of catecholamines
  • Increases cardiac contractile state (positive inotropic effectO)
  • Essential to transmission of nerve impulses, contraction of muscle
  • Has stabilizing effect on myocardial cell membranes in setting of hyperkalemia
51
Q

Dopamine trade name and class

A
  • Intropin
  • Sympathomimetic
52
Q

Dopamine MOA (6)

A
  • Endogenous catecholamine
  • Acts on both dopaminergic and adrenergic neurons
  • 1-2mcg/kg/min: dilates renal and mesenteric blood vessels, typically no effect on heart rate or BP
  • 2-10mcg/kg/min: beta effects on heart
  • 10-20mcg/kg/min: alpha peripheral effects resulting in increasing BP
  • 20-40mcg/kg/min: Increases HR and O2 demand to undesirable limits
53
Q

Norepinephrine trade name and class

A
  • Levophed
  • Sympathomimetic
54
Q

Norepinephrine MOA (2)

A
  • Catecholamine that stimulates beta-1 and alpha-1 receptors in sympathetic nervous system
  • Results in vasoconstriction, increased BP, enhanced contractility, and increased HR
55
Q

Verapamil trade name and class

A
  • Isoptin, Calan, Verelan
  • Calcium channel blocker (Class IV antidysrhythmic)
56
Q

Verapamil MOA (4)

A
  • Inhibits movement of Ca ions across cell membranes
  • Decreases atrial automaticity
  • Reduces AV conduction velocity
  • Depresses myocardial contractility, reduces vascular smooth muscle tone, dilates coronary arteries
57
Q

Diltiazem trade name and class

A
  • Cardizem
  • Ca channel blocker
58
Q

Diltiazem MOA (3)

A
  • Ca channel blocker
  • Inhibitory effects on cardiac conduction system, principally at AV node, slowing ventricular rate associated with Afib and Aflutter
  • Inhibition of contraction and dilation of coronary and systemic arteries

Drugs (6 decks)

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