MOA of Drugs and SE Flashcards
Cyclophosphamide
Alkylating agent: Cross links DNA to impede marrow formation
SE: marrow aphasia, haemorrhagic cystitis, cardiomyopathy and hair loss
Chlorambucil
Alkylating agent: cross links DNA to impede RNA formation
SEs: marrow aphasia, hepatic toxicity, dermatitis, alopecia
Busulphan
Alkylating agent: cross links DNA to impede RNA formation
SEs: marrow aphasia, pulmonary fibrosis, hyperpigmentation, seizures, hepatic toxicity and alopecia
Melphalan
Alkylating agent: cross links DNA to impede RNA formation
SEs: marrow aphasia, alopecia
Bendamustine
Alkylating agent: cross links DNA to impede RNA formation.
Also purine nucleoside analogue
SE: myelosuppression
Hudroxycarbamide
Antimetabolite: inhibitor ribonucleotide reductase
SE: pigmentation, nail dystrophy, skin keratosis, epitheliomas.
Methotrexate
Antimetabolite: inhibit pyramidine or purine synthesis or incorporation into dna
SEs: mouth ulcers, gut toxicity
Cytosine arabinoside/cytarabine (ara-c)
Antimetabolite: inhibits dna synthesis
SEs: cerebellar toxicity and conjunctivitis
6 mercaptopurine/thioguanine
Antimetabolite: purine analogue
SEs: jaundice and gut toxicity
Clofarabine
Antimetabolite: purine analogue
SEs: myelosupression
Fludarabine, 2-CDA, deoxycoformycin (pentostatin)
Antimetabolite: purine analogues: inhibit adenosine deaminase or purine Pathways
SEs: immunsupression (low CD4 counts), renal and neurotoxicity
Daunorubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone
Cytotoxic antibiotics: Anthracyclines
Bind DNA and interfere with mitosis
SEs: cardiac toxicity and hair loss
Bleomycin
Cytotoxic antibiotics: inducer DNA breaks
SEs: pulmonary fibrosis, skin pigmentation
Amasacrine (m-AMSA)
Cytotoxic antibiotics: topoisomerase inhibitor
SEs: hair loss and mucositis
Vincristine and vinblastine
Cytotoxic antibiotics: spindle damage
SEs: neuropathy (peripheral/bladder/gut)
Etoposide
Cytotoxic antibiotics: mitotic inhibitor
SEs: hair loss and oral ulceration
Azacitidine and decitabine
Epigenetic modifier: hypomethylating agent
Inhibit DNA methyltransferase
SEs: myelosuppression and injection site reactions