MOA & effects

Question 1

inhibit neurotrasmitter release from peripheral α2 receptors & depletion of neurotransmitters from vesicles through competitive uptake. Mainly peripherally acting.

Answer 1

Postganglionic adrenergic, α2 neuron blockers

Question 2

block central α2 recepotors = decrease in sympathetic outflow to cardiovascular system

Answer 2

Centrally acting α2 agonist

Question 3

non selecive blocker of peripheral α1 postsynaptic receptors

Answer 3

Peripherally acting α1 blockers

Question 4

Inhibition of Na/Cl- symporter in distal convoluted tubules

Answer 4

Thiazide diuretics

Question 5

This class blocks sodium reabsroption which leads to a decrease in Na, water, K, H, but an increase in Ca

Answer 5

Thiazide diuretics

Question 6

Inhibition of Na-K-2Cl symproter in the ascending loop of Henle & distal tubule

Answer 6

Loop diuretics

Question 7

This class blocks reabsroption of Na & Cl which leads to a decrease in Na, water, K,Cl, Mg & Ca

Answer 7

loop diuretics

Question 8

iDisruption of the Na/K ATPase at the distal tubule & collecting ducts cause an increase in Mg, K and a decrease in Ca & Na

Answer 8

Potassium sparing diuretics

Question 9

This agent competitive inhibitor of aldosterone at the distal tubules causing an increase in K & H but a decrease in Na, Cl, water

Answer 9

Spironolactone

Question 10

By selectively blocking mineralocorticoid receptors in the kidney, heart, blood vessels & brain, this agent reduces BP

Answer 10

eplerenone

Question 11

Competitively blocks norepi & epi from binding to beta-receptors on nerves

Answer 11

beta blockers

Question 12

the overall effects of beta blockers includes:

Answer 12

heart rate reduction (neg chronotrop): bradycardia
vasodilation = lower BP
bronco-constriction

Question 13

Block voltage gated calcium channels of cardiac & smooth muscle, lowering the intracellular calcium

Answer 13

Calcium channel blockers

Question 14

The net effect of calcium channel blockers is

Answer 14

reduction in muscle contraction (neg inotrop)
vasodilaton = lower BP
DHP = positive chronotrop = tacychardia
NDHP = negative chronotrop = bradycardia

Question 15

alpha-1 blockers cause an overall effect of:

Answer 15

Vasodilation of veins & arterioles –>
decreased total peripheral resistance
lower BP

Question 16

Reduction of sympathetic outflow by _____ causes decreased a)______, b)______, c)________, & d)______

Answer 16

1. alpha-2 agonists

decreased: a) peripheral resistance, b)renal vascular resistance, c) HR = neg chronotrop = bradycardia, d) BP

Question 17

Name the thiazide diuretics

Answer 17

Diuril- chlorothiazide
Hygroton, Hylidone- chlorthalidone
Hydrodiuril, Microzide

Question 18

Name the thiazide- like diuretics

Answer 18

Mykrox, Zaroxolyn- Metolazone

Lozol- indapamide

Question 19

Name the loop diuretics

Answer 19

Bumex- bumetanide
Lasix- furosemide
Demadex- torsemide

Question 20

Name the potassium sparing diuretics

Answer 20

Midamor- amiloride

Dyrenium- triamterene

Question 21

Name the aldosterone-receptor blokers

Answer 21

Inspra- eplerenone

Aldactone- spironolacton

Question 22

Name the postganglionic adrenergic Neuron blockers

Answer 22

Serpasil- reserpine
Ismelin- guanethidine monosulfate
Hylorel- granadrel

Question 23

Name the centrally acting alpa2- agonists

Answer 23

Catapress- clonidine
Tenex- guanfacine
Aldomet- methyldopa
Wytensin- guanabenz

Question 24

Name the direct Vasodilators

Answer 24

Apresoline- hydra lazing

Loniten- minoxidil