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HTN > HTN > Flashcards

HTN Flashcards

1
Q

how is captopril taken

A

1 hour before meals

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2
Q

how is aliskiren taken

A

with or without foods (take the same way every day)

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3
Q

avoid high fat foods with what RAAS inhibitor

A

aliskiren

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4
Q

aliskiren side effects

A

hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension

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5
Q

aliskiren decreases levels of

A

furosemide

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6
Q

aliskiren is a ___ substrate

A

3A4

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7
Q

B1 receptors are found in the

A

heart

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8
Q

B2 receptors are found in the

A

lungs

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9
Q

what are our alpha and beta blocking agents

A

labetalol (Trandate), carvedilol(Coreg)

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10
Q

beta blocker/nitric oxide agent

A

nebivolol (Bystolic)

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11
Q

what beta blockers have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity

A

Carteolol, Acebutalol, Pindolol, Penbutolol (CAPP)

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12
Q

what is the effect of beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity

A

antagonistic + low level agonist activity at beta receptor

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13
Q

beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity are useful in what pt populations

A

those with excessive bradycardia

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14
Q

beta 1 selectivity agents

A

Atenolol, Metoprolol, Esmolol, Bisoprolol, Betaxolol, Acebutolol (AMEBBA) or (A thru M minus C)

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15
Q

what beta blocker is very lipophilic

A

propranolol = more CNS side effects = sedation, depression, cognitive effects

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16
Q

how is carvedilol taken

A

with food (ALL FORMS OF CARVEDILOL)

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17
Q

does carvedilol CR = IR

A

no, CR is less bioavailable than IR

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18
Q

what is used 1st line to treat HTN in pregnancy

A

labetalol

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19
Q

what agents can be used to treat HTN in pregnancy

A

labetolol, nifedipine, methyldopa

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20
Q

what symptoms of hypoglycemia can beta blockers not cover

A

sweating (diaphoresis) & hunger

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21
Q

non selective beta blockers should be avoided in pt with

A

emphysema, COPD, asthma (use low dose beta one selective agent)

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22
Q

drug of choice for pt with aortic dissection

A

beta blockers

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23
Q

contraindications to beta blockers

A

Sinus bradycardia, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, sinus sick syndrome w/o pacemaker, cardiogenic shock, active asthma exacerbation

24
Q

beta blocker side effects

A

hypotension, decrease HR, dizziness, depression, sexual dysfunction, hyperglycemia (non selective agents), weight gain

25
Q

what are the lipid profile effects of beta blockers

A

decrease HDL increase TG

26
Q

decrease the dose of the beta blocker if the HR is

A

< 55

27
Q

what beta blockers must be taken with food

A

carvedilol all forms, IR lopressor

28
Q

how is toprol XL taken

A

with or without food

29
Q

bystolic

A

nebivolol: 5-40mg/QD; start at 2.5mg QD if CrCl <30 or moderate liver impairment. use causation with 2D6 inhibitors

30
Q

what are our non selective beta blockers

A

Timolol, Propranolol, Pindolol, Penbutolol, Nadolol, Carteolol

31
Q

Corgard

A

nadolol

32
Q

Levatol

A

penbutolol

33
Q

Inderal LA

A

propranolol

34
Q

InnoPran XL

A

propranolol

35
Q

Coreg

A

carvedilol

36
Q

Trandate

A

labetalol

37
Q

Coreg IR 3.125 mg BID equals to what dose of Coreg CR

A

10 mg daily

38
Q

Coreg CR 80 mg qd equalts to what dose of Coreg IR

A

25 mg BID

39
Q

Coreg IR 12.5 mg bid equals to what dose of Coreg CR

A

40 mg daily

40
Q

what is the drug of choice in hypertensive emergency w/ acute myocardial ischemia

A

IV nitroglycerin

41
Q

which antihypertensive agent acts through depletion of catecholamines in nerve terminals

A

reserpine

42
Q

labetalol has activity at what receptors

A

alpha, beta 1 and beta 2 blocker

43
Q

carvedilol has activity at what receptors

A

alpha, beta 1 and beta 2 blocker

44
Q

Oretic

A

hctz- tablet

45
Q

which ACE-I has the shortest half life

A

captopril

46
Q

AGENTS to AVOID in PREGNANCY (hCG+)

A

STATINS, RAAS Inhibitor, atenolol

47
Q

bumetanide

A

0.5-2mg QD or divided, IV fromulation protect from light

48
Q

eplerenone (Inspra) unique contraindication

A

concomitant use of strong 3A4 inhibitor ( G-PACMAN)

49
Q

diuretics or RAAS inhibitors + lithium interaction

A

decrease lithium renal clearance = increased risk lithium toxicity

50
Q

loop diuretics increase this toxicity if given with vancomycin or aminoglycosides

A

ototoxicity

51
Q

captopril (Capoten) specific side effects

A

tast perversion, rash

52
Q

which calcineurin antagonist increase aliskiren levels

A

cyclosporin

53
Q

which statin increase aliskiren levels

A

Atorvastatin

54
Q

Coreg IR 6.25mg BID is equal to what dose Coreg CR

A

20mg QD

55
Q

Beta blocker effects on diabetes agents

A

increase effects of insulin & oral hypoglycemic a gens ( sulfonylureas)

56
Q

Carvedilol is a substrate of

A

2D6 = caution with inhibitors & rifampin will decrease levels

57
Q

Carvedilol cause what to the levels of dig oxen & cyclosporinr

A

increases them

HTN (5 decks)

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