Mnemonics Flashcards
Contents superior mediastinum
PVTS Last BATTLE
Phrenic nerve
Vagus nerve
Thoracic ducts
Left recurrent laryngeal
Brachiocephalic vein
Aortic arch
Thymus
Trachea
Lymph node
Oesophagus
Nerves at risk during carotid endarterectomy
Ho’s like sucking great men’s anuses
Hypoglossal
Lingual
Superior laryngeal branch (of vagus nerve)
4: greater auricular
5: Marginal mandibular
6: ansa cervicalis
Structures within parotid
For REAL
Superficial to deep:
-Facial nerve: 5 branches of facial nerve divide within parotid
-Retromandibular vein
-External carotid
-Branches great auricular nerve
-Lymph nodes
Long thoracic nerve root
C5,6,7 bells in heaven
Reflexes
(S)1,2 buckle my shoe (ankle jerk)
(L)3,4 kick the door
(C) 5,6 pick up sticks
(C) 7,8 lay them straight
Describe bones of orbit
many friendly zebras enjoy lazy summer picnic
-Maxilla
-Frontal bone
-Zygomatic bone
-Ethmoid bone
-Lacrimal bone
-Sphenoid bone
-Palatine bone
What passes through superior orbital fissure?
Superior to inferior: Lazy french tarts sit nakedly in anticipation
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlear nerve
Superior division oculomotor nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Inferior division oculomotor nerve
Abducens nerve
Also:
-Ophthalmic veins (superior and inferior)
What are the functions of the spleen?
FISH
Filtration and removal of old/abnormal red cells/white cells/platelets
Immunological properties: antibody synthesis
Storage of platelets
Haematological properties: extramedullary erythropoiesis in adults, erythropoeisis in foetus
Name structures passing through lesser sciatic foramen
Pinto
-pudendal nerve
-internal pudendal vessels
-nerve to obturator internus
- tendon of obturator internus
Name branches of facial nerve after it exits external auditory meatus
Arseholes die slowly
Posterior auricular
Posterior belly digastric
Stylohyoid
Where do ACL and PCL attach? What is their function?
LAMP: lateral ACL, medial PCL
ACL attaches to medial border lateral femoral condyle, and anterior part intercondylar area of tibia
–> primary function to prevent anterior subluxation of tibia relative to femur
PCL attaches to lateral border medial condyle of femur, posterior part intercondylar area of tibia
–> Primary function to prevent posterior subluxation tibia relative to femur
External rotators of hip
POGQ
Piriformis
Obturator internus and externus
Gemelli superior and inferior, gluteus maximus
Quadratus femoris
Posterior division internal iliac artery
PILS
-Iliolumbar
-Lateral sacral
-Superior gluteal
What are cutaneous branches cervical plexus?
Make a rhyme in this order:
Lesser occipital
Great auricular
Transverse cervical
Supraclavicular
Anterior division internal iliac
3 urinary, 3 visceral, 3 parietal
-superior vesical, inferior vesical, umbilical (only patent in fetus)
-uterine, vaginal, middle rectal
-obturator, internal pudendal, inferior gluteal
Femoral triangle contents
contents: NAVEL
-Femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, ‘empty space’ (femoral canal), lymphatics
What are the symptoms of low calcium
CATs go numb
-convulsions
-arrhythmias
-tetany
-numbness in hands and feet +around mouth
Which muscles make up levator ani?
2 pubes + 2 others
Iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis (levator ani)
Coccygeus
Branches axillary artery
Semen tastes like sweet apple pie
-Superior thoracic
-Thoracoacromial
-Lateral thoracic
-Subscapular
-Anterior circumflex humeral
-Posterior circumflex humeral
Branches of the axillary artery
Factors that make fistula formation favourable and unlikely to regress
‘FRIENDS’
Foreign body
Radiation
infection/infalmmatory bowel disease
Epithelialisation
Neoplasia
Distal obstruction
Short tract (<2cm)
Management of fistulas:
SNAPP
Sepsis
Nutrition
Anatomy of the fistula
Protection
Plan for surgery
Sensation in scalp
Z-GLASS
Zygomaticofrontal (branch of V2)
Greater occipital
Lesser occipital (C2: cervical plexus)
Auriculotemporal (V3)
Supraorbital (V1)
Supratrochlear (V1)
Structures anterior to posterior in renal pelvis
VAD: vein, artery, duct
Anterior to posterior:
–> Renal vein
–> Renal artery
–> renal pelvis
What are the contents of the posterior mediastinum?
on the DATE Vivian Slapped Larry
Descending thoracic aorta
Azygous/hemiazygous vein
Thoracic duct
Esophagus
Vagus nerve
Splanchnic nerves
Lymphatics
Vessels: thoracic part of descending aorta, azygous and hemiazygous veins
Nerves: Vagus + splanchnic nerves (arising from sympathetic trunk to supply viscera in thorax + abdomen)
Viscera: oesohpagus
Others: Lymph nodes + thoracic duc
Name structures that run on extensor aspect (dorsum) of foot
TEA DEPt
Tibialis anterior
EHL
Anterior tibial artery
Deep peroneal nerve
EDL
Peroneus tertius
Name structures that run behind medial malleolus
Anteiror to posterior: Tom, Dick And Very Naughty Harry
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Posterior tibial artery
Posteiror tibial vein
Tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus
Structures passing through clavipectoral fascia
Cephalic vein
thoracoAcromial artery
Lymphatics
Lateral pectoral nerve
Sensory supply to the scalp
Z-GLASS
Zygomaticofrontal (branch of V2)
Greater occipital
Lesser occipital (C2: cervical plexus)
Auriculotemporal (V3)
Supraorbital (V1)
Supratrochlear (V1)
Signs of inhalation injury:
S’s:
–> soot
–> singeing
–> stridor
–> sputum (carbonaceeous sputum)
Tributaries of azygous vein
Right handed PM Loves Eating Burgers
-Right superior intercostal vein
-Hemiazygous and accessory hemiazygous
-Pericardial veins
-Mediastinal veins
-Lower right posterior intercostal veins
-Oesophageal veins
-Bronchial veins
Hilum of lung/hilum of kidney/porta hepatis
VAD
-Vein, artery, duct (anterior to posterior)–> renal and lung hilum
RALPH: relation of pulmonary artery to bronchus: right anterior, left posterior and higher
DAVE porta hepatis anterior to posterior:
–> Ducts (left and right hepatic ducts)
–> artery (hepatic artery)
–> Portal vein
–> epiploic foramen of wilmslow
Dyspepsia concerning symptoms
ALARM Symptoms
Anaemia
Loss of weight
Anorexia
Recent onset of progressive sympsoms
Malaena or haematemesis
Swallowing difficulty
