Mnemonics Flashcards

1
Q

Contents superior mediastinum

A

PVTS Last BATTLE

Phrenic nerve
Vagus nerve
Thoracic ducts
Left recurrent laryngeal
Brachiocephalic vein
Aortic arch
Thymus
Trachea
Lymph node
Oesophagus

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2
Q

Nerves at risk during carotid endarterectomy

A

Ho’s like sucking great men’s anuses

Hypoglossal
Lingual
Superior laryngeal branch (of vagus nerve)
4: greater auricular
5: Marginal mandibular
6: ansa cervicalis

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3
Q

Structures within parotid

A

For REAL
Superficial to deep:
-Facial nerve: 5 branches of facial nerve divide within parotid
-Retromandibular vein
-External carotid
-Branches great auricular nerve
-Lymph nodes

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4
Q

Long thoracic nerve root

A

C5,6,7 bells in heaven

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5
Q

Reflexes

A

(S)1,2 buckle my shoe (ankle jerk)
(L)3,4 kick the door
(C) 5,6 pick up sticks
(C) 7,8 lay them straight

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6
Q

Describe bones of orbit

A

many friendly zebras enjoy lazy summer picnic
-Maxilla
-Frontal bone
-Zygomatic bone
-Ethmoid bone
-Lacrimal bone
-Sphenoid bone
-Palatine bone

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7
Q

What passes through superior orbital fissure?

A

Superior to inferior: Lazy french tarts sit nakedly in anticipation

Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlear nerve
Superior division oculomotor nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Inferior division oculomotor nerve
Abducens nerve

Also:
-Ophthalmic veins (superior and inferior)

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8
Q

What are the functions of the spleen?

A

FISH
Filtration and removal of old/abnormal red cells/white cells/platelets
Immunological properties: antibody synthesis
Storage of platelets
Haematological properties: extramedullary erythropoiesis in adults, erythropoeisis in foetus

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9
Q

Name structures passing through lesser sciatic foramen

A

Pinto
-pudendal nerve
-internal pudendal vessels
-nerve to obturator internus
- tendon of obturator internus

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10
Q

Name branches of facial nerve after it exits external auditory meatus

A

Arseholes die slowly

Posterior auricular
Posterior belly digastric
Stylohyoid

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11
Q

Where do ACL and PCL attach? What is their function?

A

LAMP: lateral ACL, medial PCL

ACL attaches to medial border lateral femoral condyle, and anterior part intercondylar area of tibia
–> primary function to prevent anterior subluxation of tibia relative to femur

PCL attaches to lateral border medial condyle of femur, posterior part intercondylar area of tibia
–> Primary function to prevent posterior subluxation tibia relative to femur

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12
Q

External rotators of hip

A

POGQ

Piriformis
Obturator internus and externus
Gemelli superior and inferior, gluteus maximus
Quadratus femoris

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13
Q

Posterior division internal iliac artery

A

PILS
-Iliolumbar
-Lateral sacral
-Superior gluteal

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14
Q

What are cutaneous branches cervical plexus?

A

Make a rhyme in this order:

Lesser occipital
Great auricular
Transverse cervical
Supraclavicular

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15
Q

Anterior division internal iliac

A

3 urinary, 3 visceral, 3 parietal
-superior vesical, inferior vesical, umbilical (only patent in fetus)
-uterine, vaginal, middle rectal
-obturator, internal pudendal, inferior gluteal

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16
Q

Femoral triangle contents

A

contents: NAVEL
-Femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, ‘empty space’ (femoral canal), lymphatics

17
Q

What are the symptoms of low calcium

A

CATs go numb
-convulsions
-arrhythmias
-tetany
-numbness in hands and feet +around mouth

18
Q

Which muscles make up levator ani?

A

2 pubes + 2 others

Iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis (levator ani)
Coccygeus

19
Q

Branches axillary artery

A

Semen tastes like sweet apple pie

-Superior thoracic
-Thoracoacromial
-Lateral thoracic
-Subscapular
-Anterior circumflex humeral
-Posterior circumflex humeral

Branches of the axillary artery

20
Q

Factors that make fistula formation favourable and unlikely to regress

A

‘FRIENDS’

Foreign body
Radiation
infection/infalmmatory bowel disease
Epithelialisation
Neoplasia
Distal obstruction
Short tract (<2cm)

21
Q

Management of fistulas:

A

SNAPP

Sepsis
Nutrition
Anatomy of the fistula
Protection
Plan for surgery

22
Q

Sensation in scalp

A

Z-GLASS

Zygomaticofrontal (branch of V2)
Greater occipital
Lesser occipital (C2: cervical plexus)
Auriculotemporal (V3)
Supraorbital (V1)
Supratrochlear (V1)

23
Q

Structures anterior to posterior in renal pelvis

A

VAD: vein, artery, duct

Anterior to posterior:
–> Renal vein
–> Renal artery
–> renal pelvis

24
Q

What are the contents of the posterior mediastinum?

A

on the DATE Vivian Slapped Larry

Descending thoracic aorta
Azygous/hemiazygous vein
Thoracic duct
Esophagus

Vagus nerve
Splanchnic nerves
Lymphatics

Vessels: thoracic part of descending aorta, azygous and hemiazygous veins

Nerves: Vagus + splanchnic nerves (arising from sympathetic trunk to supply viscera in thorax + abdomen)

Viscera: oesohpagus

Others: Lymph nodes + thoracic duc

25
Name structures that run on extensor aspect (dorsum) of foot
TEA DEPt Tibialis anterior EHL Anterior tibial artery Deep peroneal nerve EDL Peroneus tertius
26
Name structures that run behind medial malleolus
Anteiror to posterior: Tom, Dick And Very Naughty Harry Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Posterior tibial artery Posteiror tibial vein Tibial nerve Flexor hallucis longus
27
Structures passing through clavipectoral fascia
Cephalic vein thoracoAcromial artery Lymphatics Lateral pectoral nerve
28
Sensory supply to the scalp
Z-GLASS Zygomaticofrontal (branch of V2) Greater occipital Lesser occipital (C2: cervical plexus) Auriculotemporal (V3) Supraorbital (V1) Supratrochlear (V1)
29
Signs of inhalation injury:
S's: --> soot --> singeing --> stridor --> sputum (carbonaceeous sputum)
30
Tributaries of azygous vein
Right handed PM Loves Eating Burgers -Right superior intercostal vein -Hemiazygous and accessory hemiazygous -Pericardial veins -Mediastinal veins -Lower right posterior intercostal veins -Oesophageal veins -Bronchial veins
31
Hilum of lung/hilum of kidney/porta hepatis
VAD -Vein, artery, duct (anterior to posterior)--> renal and lung hilum RALPH: relation of pulmonary artery to bronchus: right anterior, left posterior and higher DAVE porta hepatis anterior to posterior: --> Ducts (left and right hepatic ducts) --> artery (hepatic artery) --> Portal vein --> epiploic foramen of wilmslow
32
Dyspepsia concerning symptoms
ALARM Symptoms Anaemia Loss of weight Anorexia Recent onset of progressive sympsoms Malaena or haematemesis Swallowing difficulty