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IT Basics > MModule 2 Glossary > Flashcards

MModule 2 Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Address bus

A

Connects the CPU to the MCC and sends over the location of the data, but not the data itself

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2
Q

ATA

A

The most common interface that hard drives use to connect to our system

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3
Q

ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)

A

The most common form factor for motherboards

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4
Q

Backward compatible

A

older hardware works with newer hardware

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5
Q

(Basic Input Output Services) BIOS

A

software that helps initialize the hardware in our computer and gets our operating system up and running

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6
Q

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

A

Refers to the practice of allowing people to use their own personal devices for work

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7
Q

Cache

A

The assigned stored location for recently or frequently accessed data; on a mobile app it is where anything that was changed or created with that app is stored

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8
Q

Charge cycle

A

One full charge and discharge of a battery

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9
Q

Chipset

A

decides how components talk to each other on our machine

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10
Q

Clock cycle

A

sends a voltage to the clock wire

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11
Q

Clock speed

A

The maximum number of clock cycles in a set in a certain time period

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12
Q

Clock wire

A

When you send or receive data, it sends a voltage to the _________ to let the CPU know it can start doing calculations

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13
Q

Data sizes

A

bit, byte, kilobyte, kibibyte, and megabyte

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14
Q

CPU socket

A

a series of pins that connect a CPU’s processor to the PC’s motherboard

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15
Q

DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM)

A

A type of RAM that is faster, takes up less power, and has a larger capacity than earlier SDRAM versions

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16
Q

Desktop

A

The main screen where we can navigate our files, folders, and applications

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17
Q

DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module)

A
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18
Q

Display port

A

outputs audio and video

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19
Q

DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)

A
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20
Q

Drivers

A

contain the instructions our CPU needs to understand external devices like keyboards, webcams, printers

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21
Q

DVI cables

A

generally output video

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22
Q

Electrostatic discharge

A

A sudden and momentary flow of electric current between two electrically charged objects caused by contact, an electrical short or dielectric breakdown

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23
Q

External Data Bus (EDB):

A

A row of wires that interconnect the parts of our computer

24
Q

Factory reset

A

Resetting a device to the settings it came with from the factory

25
Q

Form factor

A

A mathematical way to compensate for irregularities in the shape of an object by using a ratio between its volume and height

26
Q

Hard drive

A

A long term memory component that holds all of our data, which can include music, pictures, applications

27
Q

Hardware

A

External or internal devices and equipment that help you perform major functions

28
Q

HDD (Hard disk drive)

A

use a spinning platter and a mechanical arm to read and write information

29
Q

HDMI

A

A type of cable that outputs both video and audio

30
Q

Heatsink

A

Used to dissipate heat from our CPU

31
Q

Instruction set:

A

A list of instructions that our CPU is able to run

32
Q

ITX (Information Technology eXtended)

A

A form factor for motherboards that is much smaller than ATX boards

33
Q

Land Grid Array (LGA)

A

A type of CPU socket that sticks out of the motherboard

34
Q

Mb/s: (megabit per second)

A

A unit of data transfer rate

35
Q

MCC (Memory controller chip)

A

A bridge between the CPU and the RAM

36
Q

Micro display port

A

One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices

37
Q

Motherboard

A

The body or circulatory system of the computer that connects all the pieces together

38
Q

Northbridge

A

interconnects RAM and video cards

39
Q

NVMe (NVM Express)

A

interface standard which allows greater throughput of data and increased efficiency

40
Q

Overclocking

A

increases the rate of your CPU clock cycles in order to perform more tasks

41
Q

PCI Express: Peripheral Component Interconnect Express

A
42
Q

Peripherals

A

the external devices we connect to our computer that add functionality, like: a mouse, a keyboard, and a monitor

43
Q

PGA (Pin Grid Array)

A

CPU socket where the pins are located on the processor itself

44
Q

Ports

A

Connection points that can connect devices that extend the functionality of our computer

45
Q

POST (Power On Self Test)

A

It figures out what hardware is on the computer

46
Q

Registers

A

An accessible location for storing the data that our CPU works with

47
Q

Reimaging

A

involves wiping and reinstalling an operating system using a disk image which is a copy of an operating system

48
Q

ROM chip (Read Only Memory)

A

A memory chip where the BIOS is stored

49
Q

SATA

A

The most popular serial ATA drive, which uses one cable for data transfers

50
Q

SDRAM: (Synchronous DRAM)

A

this type of RAM is synchronized to our systems’ clock speed allowing quicker processing of data

51
Q

SOC (System On a Chip)

A

Packs the CPU, Ram, and sometimes even the storage onto a single chip

52
Q

Southbridge

A

maintains our IO or input/output controllers, like hard drives and USB devices that input and output data

53
Q

Standoffs

A

Used to raise and attach your motherboard to the case

54
Q

Thermal paste

A

A substance used to better connect our CPU and heat sink, so the heat transfers from one to the other better

55
Q

Type-C connector:

A

A type of USB connector meant to replace many peripheral connections

56
Q
A

IT Basics (4 decks)

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