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IT Basics > Bits And Bytes Course 2 Module 2 > Flashcards

Bits And Bytes Course 2 Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Bit

A

The smallest representation of data that a computer can understand

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2
Q

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol

A

A protocol by which routers share data with each other

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3
Q

Broadcast

A

A type of Ethernet transmission sent to every single device on a LAN

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4
Q

Broadcast Address

A

A special destination used by an Ethernet broadcast composed by all Fs

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5
Q

Cable Categories

A

copper and fiber

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6
Q

Cables

A

Insulated wires that connect different devices to each other allowing data to be transmitted over them

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7
Q

CSMA/CD (Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collisioin Detection

A

Used to determine when the communications channels are clear and when the device is free to transmit data.

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8
Q

Client

A

A device that recieves data from a server

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9
Q

Collision domain

A

A network segment where only one device can communicate at a time

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10
Q

Computer networking

A

THe full scope of how computers communicate with each other

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11
Q

Copper Cable Categories

A

5, 5e, or 6,
how quickly data can be sent across them and how resistant they are to outside interference are all related to the way the twisted pairs inside are arranged

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12
Q

Crosstalk

A

When an electrical pulse on one wire is accidentally detected on another wire

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13
Q

CRC (Cyclical Redundancy Check)

A

A mathematical transformation that uses polynomial division to create a number that represents a larger set of data. It is an important concept for data integrity and is used all over computing, not just network transmissions

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14
Q

Data packet

A

An all-encompassing term that represents any single set of binary data being sent across a network link

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15
Q

Datalink layer

A

The layer in which the first protocols are introduced. This layer is responsible for defining a common way of interpreting signals, so network devices can communicate

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16
Q

Destination MAC address:

A

The hardware address of the intended recipient that immediately follows the start frame delimiter

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17
Q

Duplex communication

A

A form of communication where information can flow in both directions across a cable

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18
Q

Ethernet

A

The protocol most widely used to send data across individual links

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19
Q

Ethernet frame

A

A highly structured collection of information presented in a specific order

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20
Q

EtherType field

A

It follows the Source MAC Address in a dataframe. It’s 16 bits long and used to describe the protocol of the contents of the frame

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21
Q

Fiber optic cable

A

contain individual optical fibers which are tiny tubes made of glass about the width of a human hair. They use pulses of light to represent the ones and zeros of the underlying data

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22
Q

Five layer model

A

A model used to explain how network devices communicate. This model has five layers that stack on top of each other: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, and Application

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23
Q

Frame check sequence

A

It is a 4-byte or 32-bit number that represents a checksum value for the entire frame

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24
Q

Full duplex

A

The capacity of devices on either side of a networking link to communicate with each other at the exact same time

25
Half-duplex
while communication is possible in each direction, only one device can be communicating at a time
26
Hexadecimal
A way to represent numbers using a numerical base of 16
27
Hub
a physical layer device that broadcasts data to every computer connected to it
28
(Internet Protocol) IP
The most common protocol used in the network layer
29
(Internet Service Provider) ISP
A company that provides a consumer an internet connection
30
Internetwork
A collection of networks connected together through routers - the most famous of these being the Internet
31
Line coding
Modulation used for computer networks
32
MAC(Media Access Control) address:
A globally unique identifier attached to an individual network interface. It's a 48-bit number normally represented by six groupings of two hexadecimal numbers
33
Modulation
A way of varying the voltage of a constant electrical charge moving across a standard copper network cable
34
Multicast frame
If the least significant bit in the first octet of a destination address is set to one. is similarly set to all devices on the local network signal, and it will be accepted or discarded by each device depending on criteria aside from their own hardware MAC address
35
Network layer
the layer that allows different networks to communicate with each other through devices known as routers. It is responsible for getting data delivered across a collection of networks
36
Network port
The physical connector to from a device to the network. This may be attached directly to a device on a computer network, or could also be located on a wall or on a patch panel
37
Network switch
A level 2 or data link device that can connect to many devices so they can communicate. It can inspect the contents of the Ethernet protocol data being sent around the network, determine which system the data is intended for and then only send that data to that one system
38
Node
Any device connected to a network. On most networks, each node will typically act as a server or a client
39
Octet
Any number that can be represented by 8 bits
40
(Organizationally Unique Identifier) OUI
The first three octets of a MAC address
41
OSI model
A model used to define how network devices communicate. This model has seven layers that stack on top of each other: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application
42
Patch panel
A device containing many physical network ports 
43
Payload
The actual data being transported, which is everything that isn't a header
44
Physical layer
Represents the physical devices that interconnect computers
45
Preamble
The first part of an Ethernet frame, it is 8 bytes or 64 bits long and can itself be split into two sections
46
Protocol
A defined set of standards that computers must follow in order to communicate properly
47
Router
A device that knows how to forward data between independent networks
48
Server
A device that provides data to another device that is requesting that data, also known as a client
49
Simplex communication
A form of data communication that only goes in one direction across a cable
50
Source MAC address
The hardware address of the device that sent the ethernet frame or data packet. In the data packet it follows the destination MAC address
51
(Start Frame Delimiter) SFD
The last byte in the preamble, that signals to a receiving device that the preamble is over and that the actual frame contents will now follow
52
(Transmission Control Protocol) TCP
The data transfer protocol most commonly used in the fourth layer. This protocol requires an established connection between the client and server
53
Transport layer
The network layer that sorts out which client and server programs are supposed to get the data
54
Twisted pair cable
The most common type of cabling used for connecting computing devices. It features pairs of copper wires
55
Unicast transmission
always meant for just one receiving address
56
(User Datagram Protocol) UDP
A transfer protocol that does not rely on connections. This protocol does not support the concept of an acknowledgement. Only need to set a destination port and send the data packet
57
(Virtual LAN) VLAN
It is a technique that lets you have multiple logical LANs operating on the same physical equipment
58
VLAN header
A piece of data that indicates what the frame itself is. In a data packet it is followed by the EtherType

IT Basics (4 decks)

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