Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CHEM 105 > MMBIO Test 3 > Flashcards

MMBIO Test 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What kind of damage to UV-indued damage do?

A

thymine dimer (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What kind of damage to UV-indued damage do?

A

thymine dimer (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a common mutant of base oxidation?

A

8-oxoguanine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

8-oxoguanine causes what kind of mutations? What new bond forms instead

A

Transversion. Usually G-C. 8-oxoguanine can also go with Adenine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens in base alkylation?

A

An akyl group is added (methyl/ethyl)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are common mutations that happen in base alkylation?

A

o6-metylguanine… G pairs with T

o4-methylthymine.. T pairs with G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is base deamination?

A

Takes off the ammine (NH2) group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What change happens with base deamination?

A

Cytosine is converted to uracil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens in base mismatches?

A

Nothing is chemically damaged; Polymerase error; Mismatches occur in E coli with high frequency in the pol III e subunit than normal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you repair UV damage?

A

CDP photolyase uses energy to fix cyclobutane rings (not found in humans or other placental animals… they would fix through base excision repair)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can bases that have been alkylated be fixed?

A

DNA alkyltransferases remove alkyl groups directly. Suicide Enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What proteins are involved in base excision repair?

A

DNA glycosylase, AP endonuclease, plymerase, ligase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the roll of DNA glycosylase

A

locates and removes the damaged base in base excision repair (different names for different types of gylcosylases)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What proteins are involved in nucleotide excision repair?

A

In E. Coli Uvr A,B,C,D. In humans XP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the process of Base Excision Repair?

A

DNA glycosylase find/rip out damaged base, AP endonuclease rips out the Phosphodiester bonds, Polymerase/Ligase activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the process of nucleotide excision repair?

A

UvrA falcilitates binding to UvrB to the distorted region of DNA. UvrC makes nick on outsides of damaged strand. UvrD (helicase_ facilitates dissociations. Pol I and ligase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What proteins are involved in mismatch repair?

A

Dam, MutS, MutL, MutH, UvrD, exonucleases, pol III, and ligase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Process of mismatch repair?

A

Dam methylates older stands. MutS recognizes, MutL assosiates and activates MutH to cut at nearby GATC site. UvrD helicases separates the non-methyl stand. Exonucleases chop up. Pol III, ligase

19
Q

What happens when repair doesn’t come on time

A

Translesion Synthesis. Pol IV or pol V

20
Q

What happens in humans when repair doesnt come on time

A

POLH can put two adenines accross from a thymine dimer

21
Q

What is a common mutant of base oxidation?

A

8-oxoguanine

22
Q

8-oxoguanine causes what kind of mutations? What new bond forms instead

A

Transversion. Usually G-C. 8-oxoguanine can also go with Adenine

23
Q

What happens in base alkylation?

A

An akyl group is added (methyl/ethyl)

24
Q

What are common mutations that happen in base alkylation?

A

o6-metylguanine… G pairs with T

o4-methylthymine.. T pairs with G

25
Q

What is base deamination?

A

Takes off the ammine (NH2) group

26
Q

What change happens with base deamination?

A

Cytosine is converted to uracil

27
Q

What happens in base mismatches?

A

Nothing is chemically damaged; Polymerase error; Mismatches occur in E coli with high frequency in the pol III e subunit than normal cells

28
Q

How do you repair UV damage?

A

CDP photolyase uses energy to fix cyclobutane rings (not found in humans or other placental animals… they would fix through base excision repair)

29
Q

How can bases that have been alkylated be fixed?

A

DNA alkyltransferases remove alkyl groups directly. Suicide Enzymes

30
Q

What proteins are involved in base excision repair?

A

DNA glycosylase, AP endonuclease, plymerase, ligase

31
Q

What is the roll of DNA glycosylase

A

locates and removes the damaged base in base excision repair (different names for different types of gylcosylases)

32
Q

What proteins are involved in nucleotide excision repair?

A

In E. Coli Uvr A,B,C,D. In humans XP

33
Q

What is the process of Base Excision Repair?

A

DNA glycosylase find/rip out damaged base, AP endonuclease rips out the Phosphodiester bonds, Polymerase/Ligase activity

34
Q

What is the process of nucleotide excision repair?

A

UvrA falcilitates binding to UvrB to the distorted region of DNA. UvrC makes nick on outsides of damaged strand. UvrD (helicase_ facilitates dissociations. Pol I and ligase.

35
Q

What proteins are involved in mismatch repair?

A

Dam, MutS, MutL, MutH, UvrD, exonucleases, pol III, and ligase

36
Q

Process of mismatch repair?

A

Dam methylates older stands. MutS recognizes, MutL assosiates and activates MutH to cut at nearby GATC site. UvrD helicases separates the non-methyl stand. Exonucleases chop up. Pol III, ligase

37
Q

What happens when repair doesn’t come on time

A

Translesion Synthesis. Pol IV or pol V

38
Q

What happens in humans when repair doesnt come on time

A

POLH can put two adenines accross from a thymine dimer

39
Q

What do Ruv ABC do?

A

Resolvases for holiday junctions

40
Q

What does Rec BCD do?

A

REsection

41
Q

What does Rec A do?

A

strand invasion

42
Q

How many V, D, J, and C regions are there?

A

500, 12, 4, 1

43
Q

What is the enzyme used in site-specific recombination of antibodies?

A

Rag 1 and Rag 2

CHEM 105 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions