MKSAP IM VII Flashcards
vaginal pH greater than 4.5, thin and homogenous vaginal discharge, positive result on a whiff test (application of 10% potassium hydroxide to vaginal secretions resulting in a fishy odor), and clue cells comprising at least 20% of all squamous cells on saline microscopy.
Bacterial vaginosis with Gardnerella
Clinical diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis requires three of the following four features: vaginal pH greater than 4.5, thin and homogenous vaginal discharge, positive whiff test result, and clue cells comprising at least 20% of all squamous cells on saline microscopy; culture is not a reasonable test to confirm the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and would also be costly and inefficient compared with an office-based diagnosis.
For patients with concomitant benign prostatic hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction, a trial of ____ has been shown to be effective and is the only FDA-approved option to treat both conditions.
tadalafil (a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor)
High breast density alone does/does not necessitate adjunctive breast imaging other than routine screening mammography.
does not
Swelling is seen in the popliteal fossa on physical examination, most likely a ______,cysts do not require treatment; NO ASPIRATION NEEDED
Baker’s cysts
The diagnosis of a ____ requires both significant distress and the persistence of symptoms not explained by a nonsexual mental disorder.
female sexual disorder
In patients with findings concerning for centrally mediated vertigo or patients with acute sustained vertigo and risk factors for vertebrobasilar stroke, urgent evaluation with ____.
MRI and posterior circulation magnetic resonance angiography are strongly recommended NOT CTH because hemorrhagic vertebrobasilar stroke accounts for a very small minority of cases of centrally mediated vertigo.
recommended level of at least ____ of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week
150 minutes
Autism spectrum disorder is a heterogeneous group of disorders that share two diagnostic features:
(1) repetitive, nonpurposeful behaviors and (2) deficiencies in communication and social interaction.
typically have pain localized to the greater trochanter, which may radiate down the lateral leg to the knee, and pain to palpation over the greater trochanter
Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (trochanteric bursitis)
Treat with APAP, NSAIDs, avoid painful activities and muscle strengthening
Vulvar lichen planus vs vulvar lichen sclerosus
Planus: skin, nails, or mucosa. Clinical presentation includes white lines and patches (Wickham striae) or painful erythema and erosions (erosive variant).
Sclerosus: white, atrophic patches on the genital and perianal skin. It differs from lichen planus in its clinical presentation of white patches that circumferentially involve the vaginal introitus and perianal area (“figure 8” appearance).
_____ is a clinical diagnosis characterized by vulvar itching, vaginal dryness, and dyspareunia; pelvic examination findings include pale, shiny vaginal walls; decreased rugae; and petechiae.
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause
When it is necessary to discontinue anticoagulant therapy for surgery, non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants can be stopped ____ to ___ days preoperatively because of their short half-lives.
2 to 3
_____, used for pain, can cause asthma exacerbation because it is a cyclooxygenase-1-inhibitor and can cause bronchospasm.
NSAIDs
_____ a selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, is used as add-on therapy in severe COPD associated with chronic bronchitis and a history of recurrent exacerbations to reduce risk and frequency of exacerbations.
Roflumilast (contraindicated in patient with liver impairment)
What is multiple sleep latency testing used to diagnose?
Narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia
A mean sleep latency of less than 5 minutes is a clear indicator of pathologic sleepiness, whereas more than 15 minutes is considered normal. MSLT requires a series of brief nap opportunities during the course of a full day in a sleep laboratory to determine the average time to fall asleep and is time and labor intensive.
