Mixtures and Separation Techniques Flashcards
What is a mixture?
two or more elements/compounds which are not chemically bonded together
In a mixture are the chemical properties of the elements/compounds changed?
No, because they are not chemically bonded
Name all separation methods
Filtration, Crystallisation, simple distallation, fractional distillation and chromatography
Chromatography is used for what?
separating dyes in an ink
Should you use a pen or a pencil when drawing the base line in Chromatography and why?
A pencil because it is insoluble.
Chromatography: When putting the paper into the beaker of solvent, what do you have to sure about the level of solvent
That the solvent does not touch the base line because you don’t want the ink to dissolve IN the solvent
What is a Chromatogram?
The results: the pattern of spots
Filtration is used for what?
Separating solids and liquids
In filtration where is the residue and where is the Filtrate?
The residue is the solid left behind in the funnel and the Filtrate is the liquid passed through the filter
What is Crystallisation used for?
Used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid
Describe how to do Crystallisation
Gently heat the mixture in a evaporating dish and wait for the liquid to leave behind the “crystals” (which is the liquid) and leave to dry
What is simple distillation?
Separating a liquid from a solution
Describe simple distillation
Heat the mixture to make one of the liquids evaporate and the vapour will go through the condenser and out in the beaker when the liquid is now pure
What is a condenser?
Where water is flowing in and out
Name one flaw of using simple distillation
If the two element in the mixture has similar boiling points simple distillation will not work because in order to separate them you need one of their boiling points higher than another
