Mixtures Flashcards
1
Q
What is an Element?
A
- a substance made up of only one type of atom
- it cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means
eg: hydrogen is only made of hydrogen atoms
2
Q
What is a Compound?
A
- a substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined together
- they can be broken down into simpler substance by chemical means
eg: sodium and chlorine form sodium chloride (NaCl)
3
Q
What is a Mixture?
A
- a substance made up of two or more elements or compounds or both
- they are physically combined so there are no chemical changes
- they can be separated or broken down into simpler substances by physical means
4
Q
What are the two types of Mixtures?
A
- homogeneous: where you cannot see the different parts of the mixture, it is uniformed throughout
- heterogeneous: where you can see the different parts of the mixture
5
Q
What is a Solution?
A
- a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, the solute and the solvent
6
Q
What is a Solute and what is a Solvent?
A
- a solute is the solid part that is being dissolved
eg: salt, sugar - a solvent is the liquid that part the does the dissolving
eg: water
7
Q
Types of Solutions and examples
A
- Gas dissolved in gas = air
- Liquid dissolved in liquid = vinegar
- Solid dissolved in solid = metal alloys
- Gas in liquid = soda
- Solid in liquid = seawater
8
Q
What is a Suspension?
A
- a substance, usually a liquid, that contains minute but visible particles held floating in the liquid
- if left undisturbed, the particles settle
- a suspension appears cloudy and particles can be removed using filter paper
eg: muddy water
9
Q
What is a Colloid?
A
- a substance with particles too large to dissolve and too small to be seen
- a colloid scatters light
eg: mayonnaise, toothpaste
10
Q
What are Pure Substances and Impure Substances?
A
- a pure substance is made up of only one type of element or compound
- an impure substance is made up of different elements and compounds. It is a mixture
