Mixed Member systems- Additional Member System Flashcards
What is a Mixed Member System (MMS)?
A Mixed Member System combines elements of both proportional representation and single-member district systems in elections.
True or False: The Additional Member System (AMS) is a type of Mixed Member System.
True
Fill in the blank: In an Additional Member System, voters typically cast _____ votes.
two
What are the two types of votes in the AMS?
The constituency vote and the party list vote.
How does the constituency vote function in AMS?
Voters elect a representative from their local constituency.
What is the purpose of the party list vote in AMS?
To allow voters to support a political party, which helps determine the overall proportional representation in the legislature.
True or False: The number of representatives elected through party lists in AMS can vary.
True
What is a key advantage of the Additional Member System?
It tends to produce a more proportional representation of parties in the legislature.
What is a potential disadvantage of the AMS?
It can create confusion among voters due to the two different voting processes.
In which countries is the Additional Member System commonly used?
Germany and New Zealand.
True or False: AMS guarantees that all parties receive representation in the legislature.
False
What does the term ‘overhang seats’ refer to in AMS?
Seats that are added to a party’s total when they win more constituency seats than their proportional share.
Short answer: What is the role of the electoral threshold in AMS?
It determines the minimum percentage of votes a party must receive to gain representation.
What is the main goal of implementing a Mixed Member System like AMS?
To balance the benefits of direct representation with proportional representation.
Fill in the blank: The party list in AMS is often ranked by the _____ of the party.
leadership
True or False: Voters in AMS have no influence over the party list candidates.
False
What is meant by ‘proportionality’ in the context of electoral systems?
The extent to which the number of seats won by a party reflects the share of votes they received.
Short answer: How does the Additional Member System impact smaller parties?
It provides smaller parties with a better chance of gaining representation compared to purely majoritarian systems.
What is one common criticism of the Additional Member System?
It can lead to coalition governments, which some argue may result in instability.
Fill in the blank: The Additional Member System aims to combine the benefits of _____ and _____ electoral systems.
majoritarian, proportional
True or False: In AMS, all representatives are elected through proportional representation.
False
