Mitral Stenosis Flashcards

1
Q

where does the mitral valve lie between

A

the left atrium and left ventricle

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2
Q

what is the most common age of incidence of mitral stenosis

A

40-50years

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3
Q

what is the most common cause of MS

A

rheumatic heart disease

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4
Q

give some less common causes of MS

A
ageing
congenital valve deformity
carcinoid syndrome
rheumatological disorders
amyloidosis
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5
Q

what are the clinical features of MS

A

symptoms mimic those of LHF

  • dyspnoea
  • fatigue

strong assoc. with AF

haemoptysis

cor pulmonale

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6
Q

what might you find on examination of a patient with MS

A

low volume pulse
irregularly irregular pulse
mitral facies (flushed cheeks)
tapping apex beat

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7
Q

what would you hear on auscultation of a MS murmur

A

loud 1st HS
opening snap
rumbling mid-late diastolic murmur best heard at the apex

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8
Q

what arrhythmia is strongly associated with MS

A

AF

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9
Q

how do you accentuate a MS murmur

A

lean the patient to the left, best heard on expiration

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10
Q

what might you see on CXR of a patient with MS

A

LA enlargement

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11
Q

what might you see on ECF of a patient with MS

A

AF common
bifid P waves due to LA enlargement
may have right axis deviation if chronic

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12
Q

how do you manage MS

A

Anticoagulation if AF

Symptomatic relief: diuretics, beta blockers

Surgical valve intervention - PMBC 1st line

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13
Q

what does PMBC stand for

A

percutaneous mitral balloon commissurotomy

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